Solutions for Chapter 20: Aldehydes and Ketones

An acid that is not a proton donor; an acid that is an electron pair acceptor in a Lewis acid-base reaction.

A class of colored compounds that are formed via azo coupling.

A self-contained electrochemical power source that contains one or more voltaic cells. (Section 20.7)

The distance between the nuclei of two bonded atoms in a molecule. (9.4)

The heating of an ore to bring about its decomposition and the elimination of a volatile product. For example, a carbonate ore might be calcined to drive off CO2. (Section 23.2)

A compound that rotates plane-polarized light in a clockwise direction (+).

A material that, when stretched or otherwise distorted, returns to its original shape when the distorting force is released.

A process in a chemical reaction that occurs in a single step. An overall chemical reaction consists of one or more elementary reactions or steps. (Section 14.6)

The catalyst system and conditions of temperature and pressure developed by Fritz Haber and coworkers for the formation of NH3 from H2 and N2. (Section 15.2)

An organic compound containing at least one halogen.

Interaction of electrons in a s-bonding orbital with the vacant 2p orbital of an adjacent positively charged carbon.

A compound with the structure R!C#C!R, where each R group is not a hydrogen atom.

The gradual decrease in atomic and ionic radii with increasing atomic number among the lanthanide elements, atomic numbers 57 through 70. The decrease arises because of a gradual increase in effective nuclear charge through the lanthanide series. (Section 23.1)

A law that states that the elemental composition of a pure compound is always the same, regardless of its source; also called the law of definite proportions. (Section 1.2)

The product obtained when a monosaccharide is treated with an amine in the presence of an acid catalyst.

A device that measures the rotation of plane-polarized light caused by optically active compounds.

An acid that is a proton donor in an acidbase reaction.

From the Latin, rectus, straight, correct; used in the R,S convention to show that the order of priority of groups on a chiral center is clockwise.

Ions that go through a reaction unchanged and that appear on both sides of the complete ionic equation. (Section 4.2)

The distance between consecutive peaks on a wave