Solutions for Chapter 2: Chemistry: The Central Science 12th Edition

A reaction that achieves the addition of water across a double bond in the presence of an acid catalyst.

A compound that possesses a hydroxyl group (OH).

The positions that are adjacent to the vinylic positions of a carboncarbon double bond.

A compound that has the general formula R3N, where R may be H or a hydrocarbon group. (Section 16.7)

The electrode at which oxidation occurs. (18.2)

A conformation in which a hydrogen atom and a leaving group are separated by a dihedral angle of approximately 180°.

A unit of pressure equal to 105 Pa. (Section 10.2)

The equilibrium constant for the base ionization. (15.6)

Polymers that can be broken down by enzymes produced by soil microorganisms.

The rules used in naming substances. (Section 2.8)

Substance capable of conducting electric current. (21.3)

A reaction in which an alkyne is converted into a trans alkene.

In mass spectrometry, an ionization technique in which the compound is first dissolved in a solvent and then sprayed via a high-voltage needle into a vacuum chamber. The tiny droplets of solution become charged by the needle, and subsequent evaporation forms gas-phase molecular ions that typically carry one or more charges.

A five-membered cyclic hemiacetal form of a carbohydrate.

A nucleophilic compound with the general structureR2CuLi.

A reaction in which an acid and a base react in stoichiometrically equivalent amounts; the neutralization reaction between an acid and a metal hydroxide produces water and a salt. (Section 4.3)

The energy required to decompose an atomic nucleus into its component protons and neutrons. (Section 21.6)

The conversion of an aryl diazonium salt into fluorobenzene upon treatment with fluoroboric acid (HBF4).

The sulfur analog of an ether; a molecule containing a sulfur atom bonded to two carbon atoms. Sulfi des are also called thioethers

A geometry adopted by an atom that has one lone pair and a steric number of 4.