Solutions for Chapter 9: Chemistry: The Central Science 12th Edition

A pattern of variation in the amount of light absorbed by a sample as a function of wavelength. (Section 23.5)

Elements that have incompletely filled 5f subshells or readily give rise to cations that have incompletely filled 5f subshells. (7.9)

Reactions that are characterized by the addition of two groups across a double bond. In the process, the pi (p) bond is broken.

Compounds with a carbonyl functional group and the general formula RCHO, where R is an H atom, an alkyl, or an aromatic group. (24.4)

The SI unit of radioactivity. It corresponds to one nuclear disintegration per second. (Section 21.4)

The process in which dissolved solute comes out of solution and forms crystals. (12.1)

A polynucleotide in which the sugar component is deoxyribose. (Section 24.10)

A bimolecular eliminationreaction.eclipsed conformation (Sect. 4.7): A conformationin which groups are eclipsing each other in aNewman projection.

A bimolecular b-elimination reaction.

A reaction in which a nonspontaneous redox reaction is brought about by the passage of current under a sufficient external electrical potential. The devices in which electrolysis reactions occur are called electrolytic cells. (Section 20.9)

An amine in which nitrogen is one of the atoms of an aromatic ring.

The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry

A compound capable offunctioning as an electron pair acceptor.

The difference between the mass of a nucleus and the total masses of the individual nucleons that it contains. (Section 21.6)

Group 1A–7A elements react to achieve an outer shell of eight valence electrons.

Biological damage caused by photosensitizers, light, and oxygen, used to kill tumor and other cells.

A solvent that lacks hydrogen atoms connected directly to an electronegative atom.

The sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide chain, read from the N-terminal amino acid to the C-terminal amino acid.

A reaction that can produce two or more constitutional isomers but nevertheless produces one as the major product.

The dissolving medium of a solution; it is normally the component of a solution present in the greater amount. (Section 4.1)