Solutions for Chapter 9: Alcohols, Ethers, and Epoxides

Compounds containing a carbon-carbon triple bond.

The conjugate base of a terminal alkyne.

For proteins, a feature of secondary structure that forms when a portion of the protein twists into a spiral.

A steroid hormone, such as testosterone, that mediates the development of sexual characteristics of males.

A monocyclic compound that is planar or nearly so, has one 2p orbital on each atom of the ring, and has 4n p electrons in the cyclic arrangement of overlapping 2p orbitals, where n is an integer. Antiaromatic compounds are especially unstable

The number of 12C atoms in exactly 12 g of 12C; it equals 6.022 * 1023 mol-1. (Section 3.4)

For mechanisms, a step that involves two chemical entities.

In a bicyclic system, the carbon atoms where the rings are fused together.

Energy stored within the structural units of chemical substances. (6.1)

A prefi x meaning on the same side

Any substituent on a benzene ring that causes the rate of electrophilic aromatic substitution to be lower than that for benzene.

For alkenes, a stereodescriptorthat indicates that the two priority groups are on opposite sides of the p bond.

A reaction involving the loss of a leaving group and formation of a p bond.

A compound in which two hydrocarbon groups are bonded to one oxygen. (Section 24.4)

A process in which a carboxylic acid is converted into an ester when treated with an alcohol in the presence of an acid catalyst.

An electrophilic aromatic substitution in which a hydrogen of an aromatic ring is replaced by an alkyl or acyl group.

An amorphous solid formed by fusion of SiO2, CaO, and Na2O. Other oxides may also be used to form glasses with differing characteristics. (Section 22.10)

The study ofthe interaction between matter and an energysource other than electromagnetic radiation. Massspectrometry is used primarily to determine the molecular weight and molecular formula of a compound.

The threedimensional conformations of localized regions of a protein, including helices and b-pleated sheets.

Matter that has both a definite shape and a definite volume. (Section 1.2)