- 12.12.1: Classify each reaction as oxidation, reduction, or neither. a. O c....
- 12.12.2: What alkane is formed when each alkene is treated with H2 and a Pd ...
- 12.12.3: Draw all alkenes that react with one equivalent of H2 in the presen...
- 12.12.4: Which alkene in each pair has the larger heat of hydrogenation? a. ...
- 12.12.5: Explain why heats of hydrogenation cannot be used to determine the ...
- 12.12.6: What product is formed when limonene is treated with one equivalent...
- 12.12.7: Given that syn addition of H2 occurs from both sides of a trigonal ...
- 12.12.8: Complete the missing information for compounds A, B, and C, each su...
- 12.12.9: Draw the products formed when triacylglycerol A is treated with eac...
- 12.12.11: What is the structure of cis-jasmone, a natural product isolated fr...
- 12.12.12: Draw the organic products formed in each hydrogenation. a. CH2 CHCH...
- 12.12.13: What product is formed when CH3OCH2CH2C CCH2CH(CH3)2 is treated wit...
- 12.12.14: Deuterium is introduced into a molecule by using reducing agents th...
- 12.12.15: A chiral alkyne A with molecular formula C6H10 is reduced with H2 a...
- 12.12.16: Draw the products of each reaction. a. Cl [1] LiAlH4 [2] H2O b. [1]...
- 12.12.17: What epoxide is formed when each alkene is treated with mCPBA? a. (...
- 12.12.18: Draw all stereoisomers formed when each alkene is treated with mCPB...
- 12.12.19: Draw the products formed when both cis- and trans-2-butene are trea...
- 12.12.21: Draw the products formed when each alkene is treated with O3 follow...
- 12.12.22: What alkene yields each set of oxidative cleavage products? a. (CH3...
- 12.12.23: Draw the products formed when each diene is treated with O3 followe...
- 12.12.24: Draw the products formed when each alkyne is treated with O3 follow...
- 12.12.25: What alkyne (or diyne) yields each set of oxidative cleavage produc...
- 12.12.26: Draw the organic products in each of the following reactions. a. OH...
- 12.12.27: What carbonyl compound is formed when each alcohol is treated with ...
- 12.12.28: Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl, the oxidant in household bleach) in aqu...
- 12.12.29: Ethylene glycol, HOCH2CH2OH, is an extremely toxic diol because its...
- 12.12.31: Explain why only one C C of geraniol is epoxidized with the Sharple...
- 12.12.32: Label each reaction as oxidation, reduction, or neither. a. C CH CH...
- 12.12.33: Draw the organic products formed when each alkene is treated with H...
- 12.12.34: Match each alkene to its heat of hydrogenation. Alkenes: 3-methyl-1...
- 12.12.35: How many rings and bonds are contained in compounds AC? Draw one po...
- 12.12.36: For alkenes A, B, and C: (a) Rank A, B, and C in order of increasin...
- 12.12.37: A chiral compound X having the molecular formula C6H12 is converted...
- 12.12.38: Stearidonic acid (C18H28O2) is an unsaturated fatty acid obtained f...
- 12.12.39: Draw the organic products formed when cyclopentene is treated with ...
- 12.12.41: Draw the organic products formed when allylic alcohol A is treated ...
- 12.12.42: Draw the products formed when allylic alcohol B is treated with eac...
- 12.12.43: Draw the organic products formed in each reaction. a. PCC OH b. CH3...
- 12.12.44: Draw the organic products formed in each reaction. a. OH [1] SOCI2,...
- 12.12.45: Identify the reagents needed to carry out each transformation. O (b...
- 12.12.46: What alkene is needed to synthesize each 1,2-diol using [1] OsO4 fo...
- 12.12.47: Draw a stepwise mechanism for the reduction of epoxide A to alcohol...
- 12.12.48: Draw the products formed after Steps [1] and [2] in the following t...
- 12.12.49: Draw the products formed in each oxidative cleavage. a. (CH3CH2)2C ...
- 12.12.51: Identify the starting material in each reaction. a. O O H [1] O3 [2...
- 12.12.52: What alkyne gives each set of products after treatment with O3 foll...
- 12.12.53: Draw the products formed when each naturally occurring compound is ...
- 12.12.54: Identify compounds A, B, and C. a. Compound A has molecular formula...
- 12.12.55: Oximene and myrcene, two hydrocarbons isolated from alfalfa that ha...
- 12.12.56: An achiral hydrocarbon A of molecular formula C7H12 reacts with two...
- 12.12.57: An unknown compound A of molecular formula C10H18O reacts with H2SO...
- 12.12.58: DHA is a fatty acid derived from fi sh oil and an abundant fatty ac...
- 12.12.59: One compound that contributes to the seashore smell at beaches in H...
- 12.12.61: Epoxidation of the following allylic alcohol using the Sharpless re...
- 12.12.62: What allylic alcohol and DET isomer are needed to make each chiral ...
- 12.12.63: Devise a synthesis of each hydrocarbon from acetylene, and any othe...
- 12.12.64: Devise a synthesis of muscalure, the sex pheromone of the common ho...
- 12.12.65: It is sometimes necessary to isomerize a cis alkene to a trans alke...
- 12.12.66: Devise a synthesis of each compound from acetylene and any other re...
- 12.12.67: Devise a synthesis of each compound from styrene (C6H5CH CH2). You ...
- 12.12.68: Devise a synthesis of (2E)-2-hexene from 1-pentene and any needed o...
- 12.12.69: Devise a synthesis of each compound from the indicated starting mat...
- 12.12.71: Devise a synthesis of each compound from ethynylcyclohexane. You ma...
- 12.12.72: Devise a synthesis of (3R,4S)-3,4-dichlorohexane from acetylene and...
- 12.12.73: Devise a synthesis of each compound from CH3CH2OH as the only organ...
- 12.12.74: The Birch reduction is a dissolving metal reaction that converts su...
- 12.12.75: In the Cr6+ oxidation of cyclohexanols, it is generally true that s...
- 12.12.76: Draw a stepwise mechanism for the following reaction. O O O OH OSiR...
- 12.12.77: Although reagents can always add to an alkene from either side, som...
Solutions for Chapter 12: Oxidation and Reduction
Full solutions for Organic Chemistry | 3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780077354725
This textbook survival guide was created for the textbook: Organic Chemistry, edition: 3. Chapter 12: Oxidation and Reduction includes 70 full step-by-step solutions. Since 70 problems in chapter 12: Oxidation and Reduction have been answered, more than 221478 students have viewed full step-by-step solutions from this chapter. Organic Chemistry was written by and is associated to the ISBN: 9780077354725. This expansive textbook survival guide covers the following chapters and their solutions.
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anode.
The electrode at which oxidation occurs. (18.2)
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anti-periplanar
A conformation in which a hydrogen atom and a leaving group are separated by a dihedral angle of approximately 180°.
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atomic mass unit (amu).
A mass exactly equal to 1 12th the mass of one carbon-12 atom. (3.1)
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buffer solution.
A solution of (a) a weak acid or base and (b) its salt; both components must be present. The solution has the ability to resist changes in pH upon the addition of small amounts of either acid or base. (16.3)
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chemical bond
A strong attractive force that exists between atoms in a molecule. (Section 8.1)
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concentration cell
A voltaic cell containing the same electrolyte and the same electrode materials in both the anode and cathode compartments. The emf of the cell is derived from a difference in the concentrations of the same electrolyte solutions in the compartments. (Section 20.6)
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Crown ether
A cyclic polyether derived from ethylene glycol and substituted ethylene glycols.
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E1
A unimolecular b-elimination reaction
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electrolyte
A solute that produces ions in solution; an electrolytic solution conducts an electric current. (Section 4.1)
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Electromagnetic radiation
Light and other forms of radiant energy.
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electrospray ionization (ESI):
In mass spectrometry, an ionization technique in which the compound is first dissolved in a solvent and then sprayed via a high-voltage needle into a vacuum chamber. The tiny droplets of solution become charged by the needle, and subsequent evaporation forms gas-phase molecular ions that typically carry one or more charges.
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entropy
A thermodynamic function associated with the number of different equivalent energy states or spatial arrangements in which a system may be found. It is a thermodynamic state function, which means that once we specify the conditions for a system—that is, the temperature, pressure, and so on—the entropy is defined. (Section 19.2)
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mass spectrometry
The study ofthe interaction between matter and an energysource other than electromagnetic radiation. Massspectrometry is used primarily to determine the molecular weight and molecular formula of a compound.
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nucleophilic acyl substitution
A reaction in which a nucleophile attacks a carboxylic acid derivative.
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Plane of symmetry
An imaginary plane passing through an object dividing it so that one half is the mirror image of the other half
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Plastic
A polymer that can be molded when hot and retains its shape when cooled
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Quaternary structure
The arrangement of polypeptide monomers into a noncovalently bonded aggregate.
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radical initiator
A compound with a weak bond that undergoes homolytic bond cleavage with great ease, producing radicals that can initiate a radical chain process.
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stereoselective
A reaction in which one substrate produces two stereoisomers in unequal amounts.
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Tertiary (3°) amine
An amine in which nitrogen is bonded to three carbons