Solutions for Chapter 26.2: Nucleosides

An equilibrium property measured by the position of equilibrium in an acid-base reaction, as, for example, the acid-base reaction between ammonia and water.

A species in which a carbon atom has only six electrons in its valence shell and bears a positive charge

A reaction in which a carbonyl group is completely reduced and replaced with two hydrogen atoms.

Properties of solutions that depend on the number of solute particles in solution and not on the nature of the solute particles. (12.6)

The circulation of electron density in the presence of an external magnetic field, which produces a local (induced) magnetic field that opposes the external magnetic field.

Theresulting net attraction between two dipoles.

A compound with the structure R!S!S!R.

A unimolecular b-elimination reaction

The charge on an atom in a polyatomic ion or molecule

A substance formed in one elementary step of a multistep mechanism and consumed in another; it is neither a reactant nor an ultimate product of the overall reaction. (Section 14.6)

2-Methyl-1,3-butadiene.

The rules by which the equilibrium constant is expressed in terms of the concentrations of reactants and products, in accordance with the balanced chemical equation for the reaction. (Section 15.2)

The main fabricof cell membranes, assembled primarily fromphosphoglycerides.

A ribonucleic acid that carries coded genetic information from DNA to the ribosomes for the synthesis of proteins

A spectroscopic technique that gives information about the number and types of atoms in a molecule, for example, hydrogens (1 H!NMR) and carbons (13C!NMR)

The observation that second-row elements (C, N, O, and F) will form the necessary number of bonds so as to achieve a full valence shell (eight electrons).

The row of elements that lie in a horizontal row in the periodic table. (Section 2.5)

A large molecule of high molecular mass, formed by the joining together, or polymerization, of a large number of molecules of low molecular mass. The individual molecules forming the polymer are called monomers. (Sections 12.1 and 12.8)

The ordered arrangements (conformations) of amino acids in localized regions of a polypeptide or protein

A solution to a set of equations that defi nes the energy of an electron in an atom and the region of space it may occupy.