Solutions for Chapter 11: Gases

Reactions that are characterized by the addition of two groups across a double bond. In the process, the pi (p) bond is broken.

See beta rays.

A device for measuring the heat evolved in the combustion of a substance under constant-volume conditions. (Section 5.5)

The difference between the numbers of electrons in bonding molecular orbitals and antibonding molecular orbitals, divided by two. (10.7)

When signal splitting occurs in NMR spectroscopy, the distance between the individual peaks of a signal.

Protein that does not exhibit normal biological activities. (25.3)

Theresulting net attraction between two dipoles.

A reaction in which a nonspontaneous redox reaction is brought about by the passage of current under a sufficient external electrical potential. The devices in which electrolysis reactions occur are called electrolytic cells. (Section 20.9)

A compound with the structure R!C#C!R, where each R group is not a hydrogen atom.

A nucleophilic compound with the general structureR2CuLi.

A !CH2! group.

When used in the context of fats and oils, a mixture of triglycerides that is liquid at room temperature

The constant that relates the energy and frequency of a photon, E = hn. Its value is 6.626 * 10-34 J@s. (Section 6.2)

Work performed by expansion of a gas against a resisting pressure. (Section 5.3)

A series of nuclear reactions that begins with an unstable nucleus and terminates with a stable one. Also called nuclear disintegration series. (Section 21.2)

Fibrous proteins that are used for their structural rigidity. Examples include a-keratins found in hair, nails, skin, feathers, and wool.

For mechanisms, a step that involves three chemical entities.

A reaction for which the ratio of products is determined solely by the distribution of energy among the products.

Compounds containing a mercapto group (SH).

A geometry adopted by an atom with a steric number of 3. All three groups lie in one plane and are separated by 120°.