Chemistry: The Central Science 11th Edition - Solutions by Chapter

The individual repeating units in a polypeptide chain or protein.

The addition of atoms or groups of atoms to opposite faces of a carbon-carbon double bond.

The most common drawing style employed by organic chemists. All carbon atoms and most hydrogen atoms are implied but not explicitly drawn in a bond-line structure.

The amount of acid or base a buffer can neutralize before the pH begins to change appreciably. (Section 17.2)

Processes in which one or more substances are converted into other substances; also called chemical reactions. (Section 1.3)

A property of a solvent (vapor-pressure lowering, freezing-point lowering, boiling-point elevation, osmotic pressure) that depends on the total concentration of solute particles present. (Section 13.5)

The energy difference between two sets of d orbitals in a metal atom when ligands are present. (23.5)

In NMR spectroscopy, a signal that is comprised of two peaks.

Proteins that consist of linear chains that are bundled together.

The heat given off during a reaction.

A compound containing a carbonyl group bonded to two carbons.

A group capable ofseparating from a compound.

A liquid crystal in which the molecules are aligned in the same general direction, along their long axes, but in which the ends of the molecules are not aligned. (Section 11.7)

The concentration of a solution in grams of solute per 106 (million) grams of solution; equals milligrams of solute per liter of solution for aqueous solutions. (Section 13.4)

The amide linkage by which two amino acids are coupled together to form peptides.

Reversibly creating an unreactive group for the purpose of preventing a functional group from potentially reacting to give an unwanted product or products

A graph showing the energy changes that occur during a chemical reaction; energy is plotted on the vertical axis and reaction progress is plotted on the horizontal axis.

A conformational change in which one chair conformation is converted into the other.

A covalent bond in which electron density is concentrated along the internuclear axis. (Section 9.6)

A reaction for which the ratio of products is determined solely by the distribution of energy among the products.