- 9.9.1: A certain AB4 molecule has a "seesaw" shape: From which of the fund...
- 9.9.2: (a) If the three balloons shown on the right are all the same size,...
- 9.9.3: An AB5 molecule adopts the geometry shown below. (a) What is the na...
- 9.9.4: The molecule shown here is difluoromethane (CH2F2), which is used a...
- 9.9.5: The plot below shows the potential energy of two Cl atoms as a func...
- 9.9.6: Shown below are three pairs of hybrid orbitals, with each set at a ...
- 9.9.7: The orbital diagram below presents the final step in the formation ...
- 9.9.8: Consider the hydrocarbon drawn below. (a) What is the hybridization...
- 9.9.9: For each of the following contour representations of molecular orbi...
- 9.9.11: An AB2 molecule is described as linear, and the A-B bond length is ...
- 9.9.12: (a) Methane (CH4) and the perchlorate ion (Cl04 -) are both describ...
- 9.9.13: (a) What is meant by the term electron domain? (b) Explain in what ...
- 9.9.14: (a) How does one determine the number of electron domains in a mole...
- 9.9.15: How many nonbonding electron pairs are there in each of the followi...
- 9.9.16: Describe the characteristic electron-domain geometry of each of the...
- 9.9.17: What is the difference between the electron-domain geometry and the...
- 9.9.18: An AB3 molecule is described as having a trigonalbipyramidal electr...
- 9.9.19: Give the electron-domain and molecular geometries of a molecule tha...
- 9.9.21: Give the electron-domain and molecular geometries for the following...
- 9.9.22: Draw the Lewis structure for each of the following molecules or ion...
- 9.9.23: The figure that follows shows ball-and-stick drawings of three poss...
- 9.9.24: The figure that follows contains ball-and-stick drawings of three p...
- 9.9.25: Give the approximate values for the indicated bond angles in the fo...
- 9.9.26: Give approximate values for the indicated bond angles in the foUowi...
- 9.9.27: 7 Predict the trend in the F(axial)-A -F(equatorial) bond angle in ...
- 9.9.28: The three species NH2- NH3, and NH4 + have H -N -H bond angles of 1...
- 9.9.29: (a) Explain why BrF4- is square planar, whereas BF4- is tetrahedral...
- 9.9.31: (a) Does SCI2 have a dipole moment? If so, in which direction does ...
- 9.9.32: (a) The PH3 molecule is polar. How does this offer experimental pro...
- 9.9.33: (a) Consider the AF3 molecules in Exercise 9.23. Which of these wil...
- 9.9.34: (a) What conditions must be met if a molecule with polar bonds is n...
- 9.9.35: Predict whether each of the following molecules is polar or nonpola...
- 9.9.36: Predict whether each of the following molecules is polar or nonpola...
- 9.9.37: Dichloroethylene (C2H2Cl2) has three forms (isomers), each of which...
- 9.9.38: Dichlorobenzene, C4Ciz, exists in three forms (isomers), called ort...
- 9.9.39: (a) What is meant by the term orbital overlap? (b) Describe what a ...
- 9.9.41: Consider the bonding in an MgH2 molecule. (a) Draw a Lewis structur...
- 9.9.42: How would you expect the extent of overlap of atomic orbitals to va...
- 9.9.43: Fill in the following chart. If the molecule column is blank, find ...
- 9.9.44: Why are there no sp4 or sp5 hybrid orbitals?
- 9.9.45: (a) Starting with the orbital diagram of a boron atom, describe the...
- 9.9.46: (a) Starting with the orbital diagram of a sulfur atom, describe th...
- 9.9.47: Indicate the hybridization of the central atom in (a) BCl3, (b) AIC...
- 9.9.48: What is the hybridization of the central atom in (a) SiC14, (b) HCN...
- 9.9.49: (a) Draw a picture showing how two p orbitals on two different atom...
- 9.9.51: (a) Draw Lewis structures for ethane (C2H6), ethylene (C2H4), and a...
- 9.9.52: The nitrogen atoms in N2 participate in multiple bonding, whereas t...
- 9.9.53: Propylene, C3J4 is a gas that is used to form the important polymer...
- 9.9.54: Ethyl acetate, C<&HsO:u is a fragrant substance used both as a solv...
- 9.9.55: Consider the Lewis structure for glycine, the simplest amino acid: ...
- 9.9.56: The compound with the following Lewis structure is acetylsalicylic ...
- 9.9.57: (a) What is the difference between a localized 7r bond and a deloca...
- 9.9.58: (a) Write a single Lewis structure for SO:v and determine the hybri...
- 9.9.59: (a) What is the difference between hybrid orbitals and molecular or...
- 9.9.61: Consider the H2 + ion. (a) Sketch the molecular orbitals of the ion...
- 9.9.62: (a) Sketch the molecular orbitals of the H2- ion, and draw its ener...
- 9.9.63: Draw a picture that shows all three 2p orbitals on one atom and all...
- 9.9.64: (a) What is the probability of finding an electron on the internucl...
- 9.9.65: (a) What are the relationships among bond order, bond length, and b...
- 9.9.66: Explain the following: (a) The peroxide ion, o,Z-, has a longer bon...
- 9.9.67: (a) What does the term diamagnetism mean? (b) How does a diamagneti...
- 9.9.68: (a) What does the term paramagnetism mean? (b) How can one determin...
- 9.9.69: Using Figures 9.37 and 9.45 as guides, draw the molecular orbital e...
- 9.9.71: Determine the electron configurations for CN+, CN, and CN-. (a) Whi...
- 9.9.72: (a) The nitric oxide molecule, NO, readily loses one electron to fo...
- 9.9.73: Consider the molecular orbitals of the P2 molecule. Assume that the...
- 9.9.74: The iodine bromide molecule, !Br, is an interhalogen compound. Assu...
- 9.9.75: (a) What is the physical basis for the VSEPR model? (b) When applyi...
- 9.9.76: The molecules SiF4, SF4, and XeF4 have molecular formulas of the ty...
- 9.9.77: The vertices of a tetrahedron correspond to four alternating corner...
- 9.9.78: Consider the molecule PF4CJ. (a) Draw a Lewis structure for the mol...
- 9.9.79: From their Lewis structures, determine the number of a and 7T bonds...
- 9.9.81: The PF3 molecule has a dipole moment of 1.03 D, but BF3 has a dipol...
- 9.9.82: There are two compounds of the formula Pt(NH3hCli NH3 I Cl-Pt-CI I ...
- 9.9.83: The 0-H bond lengths in the water molecule (H20) are 0.96 A, and th...
- 9.9.84: The reaction of three molecules of fluorine gas with a Xe atom prod...
- 9.9.85: The Lewis structure for allene is Make a sketch of the structure of...
- 9.9.86: The azide ion, N3 -, is linear with two N -N bonds of equal length,...
- 9.9.87: In ozone, 03, the two oxygen atoms on the ends of the molecule are ...
- 9.9.88: Butadiene, C4H6, is a planar molecule that has the following carbon...
- 9.9.89: The sketches below show the atomic orbital wave functions (with pha...
- 9.9.91: Write the electron configuration for the first excited state for N2...
- 9.9.92: Figure 9.47 shows how the magnetic properties of a compound can be ...
- 9.9.93: Aw dyes are organic dyes that are used for many applications, such ...
- 9.9.94: (a) Using only the valence atomic orbitals of a hydrogen atom and a...
- 9.9.95: Carbon monoxide, CO, is isoelectronic to N2. (a) Draw a Lewis struc...
- 9.9.96: A compound composed of 2.1% H, 29.8% N, and 68.1% 0 has a molar mas...
- 9.9.97: Sulfur tetrafluoride (SF4) reacts slowly with 02 to form sulfur tet...
- 9.9.98: The phosphorus trihalides (PX3) show the following variation in the...
- 9.9.99: The molecule 2-butene, C4H8, can undergo a geometric change called ...
- 9.9.101: Use average bond enthalpies (Table 8.4) to estimate t.H for the ato...
- 9.9.102: For both atoms and molecules, ionization energies (Section 7.4) are...
- 9.9.103: Many compounds of the transition-metal elements contain direct bond...
- 9.9.104: The orgaruc molecules shown below are derivatives of benzene in whi...
- 9.9.105: Antibonding molecular orbitals can be used to make bonds to other a...
- 9.9.106: You can think of the bonding in the Cl2 molecule in several ways. F...
Solutions for Chapter 9: MOLECULAR GEOMETRY AND BONDING THEORIES
Full solutions for Chemistry: The Central Science | 11th Edition
ISBN: 9780136006176
Solutions for Chapter 9
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This textbook survival guide was created for the textbook: Chemistry: The Central Science , edition: 11. Chapter 9: MOLECULAR GEOMETRY AND BONDING THEORIES includes 96 full step-by-step solutions. Chemistry: The Central Science was written by and is associated to the ISBN: 9780136006176. Since 96 problems in chapter 9: MOLECULAR GEOMETRY AND BONDING THEORIES have been answered, more than 100223 students have viewed full step-by-step solutions from this chapter. This expansive textbook survival guide covers the following chapters and their solutions.
Key Chemistry Terms and definitions covered in this textbook
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aldonic acid
The product obtained when the aldehyde group of an aldose is oxidized.
-
alkaline earth metals.
The Group 2A elements (Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, and Ra). (2.4)
-
Alkylation reaction
Any reaction in which a new carbon-carbon bond to an alkyl group is formed.
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allylic carbocation
A carbocation in which the positive charge is adjacent to a carbon-carbon double bond.
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catalyst.
A substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without itself being consumed. (13.6)
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coordination number
The number of adjacent atoms to which an atom is directly bonded. In a complex the coordination number of the metal ion is the number of donor atoms to which it is bonded. (Sections 12.37 and 24.2)
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critical pressure (Pc).
The minimum pressure necessary to bring about liquefaction at the critical temperature. (11.8)
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Enantiomers
Stereoisomers that are nonsuperposable mirror images of each other; refers to a relationship between pairs of objects
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Hund’s rule
When considering electrons in atomic orbitals, a rule that states that one electron is placed in each degenerate orbital first, before electrons are paired up.
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hyperconjugation
An effect that explains why alkyl groups stabilize a carbocation.
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kinetic energy
The energy that an object possesses by virtue of its motion. (Section 5.1)
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l sugar
A carbohydrate for which the chirality center farthest from the carbonyl group will have an OH group pointing to the left in the Fischer projection.
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Lipid
A biomolecule isolated from plant or animal sources by extraction with nonpolar organic solvents, such as diethyl ether and hexane.
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Melt transition (Tm)
The temperature at which crystalline regions of a polymer melt.
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Reactive intermediate
A high-energy species formed between two successive reaction steps, that lies in an energy minimum between the two transition states
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Resonance
A theory that many molecules and ions are best described as a hybrid of several Lewis structures
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Resonance hybrid
A molecule, ion, or radical described as a composite of a number of contributing structures
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saturated hydrocarbon
A hydrocarbon that contains no p bonds.
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SN1
A unimolecular nucleophilic substitution reaction.
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step-growth polymers
Polymers that are formed under conditions in which the individual monomers react with each other to form oligomers, which are then joined together to form polymers.