Solutions for Chapter 9: MOLECULAR GEOMETRY AND BONDING THEORIES

Theoretically the lowest attainable temperature. (5.3)

An oxide that forms an acid when added to water; soluble nonmetal oxides are acidic anhydrides. (Section 22.5)

Hormones that are secreted by the cortex (the outer layer) of the adrenal glands. Adrenocortical hormones are typically characterized by a carbonyl group or hydroxyl group at C11 of the steroid skeleton.

A compound containing a !CHO group

A reaction that achieves the installation of an alkyl group. For example, an SN2 reaction in which an alkyl group is connected to an attacking nucleophile.

The slow oxidation of organic compounds that occurs in the presence of atmospheric oxygen.

The production of chlorine gas by the electrolysis of aqueous NaCl solution. (22.6)

The metal ion and its surrounding ligands. (Section 23.2)

A bimolecular eliminationreaction.eclipsed conformation (Sect. 4.7): A conformationin which groups are eclipsing each other in aNewman projection.

A reaction in which the enthalpy of the products is higher than the enthalpy of the reactants; a reaction in which heat is absorbed

An anion derived by loss of a hydrogen from a carbon alpha to a carbonyl group; the anion of an enol.

Female sex hormones.

A carbohydrate in which the !OH on its anomeric carbon is replaced by !OR

From the Greek, meaning water-fearing.

A tentative explanation of a series of observations or of a natural law. (Section 1.3)

An alloy in which smaller atoms fit into spaces between larger atoms. The larger atoms are metallic elements and the smaller atoms are typically nonmetallic elements. (Section 12.3)

Individual Lewis structures in cases where two or more Lewis structures are equally good descriptions of a single molecule. The resonance structures in such an instance are “averaged” to give a more accurate description of the real molecule. (Section 8.6)

The clustering of solvent molecules around a solute particle. (Section 13.1)

A protein used to transport molecules or ions from one location to another. Hemoglobin is a classic example of a transport protein, used to transport molecular oxygen from the lungs to all the tissues of the body.

A triester formed from glycerol and three long-chain carboxylic acids.