Living by Chemistry 2nd Edition - Solutions by Chapter

A peroxide for which each oxygen atom is connected to an acyl group. Acyl peroxides are often used as radical initiators, because the O!O bond is especially weak.

An SR group.

The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom of an element. (Section 2.3)

A polydentate ligand that is capable of occupying two or more sites in the coordination sphere. (Section 23.3)

The most efficient arrangements for packing atoms, molecules, or ions in a crystal. (11.4)

A chemical reaction in which a single compound reacts to give two or more products. (Section 3.2)

The region of an IR spectrum that contains signals that arise from double bonds, triple bonds, and X!H bonds.

The amount of partial charge (d ) on either end of a dipole multiplied by the distance of separation (d): m=d × d

A diagram that shows the energies of molecular orbitals relative to the atomic orbitals from which they are derived. Also called a molecular-orbital diagram. (Section 9.7)

A twodimensional representation of a molecule; in these projections, groups on the right and left are by convention in front, while those at the top and bottom are to the rear.

The modern NMR method that is based on a constant magnetic fi eld, a short pulse of electromagnetic radiation, and a mathematical Fourier transform to produce the spectrum

A compound with hydroxyl (!OH) groups on adjacent carbons.

Standard heat of combustion is the heat released when one mole of a substance in its standard state (gas, liquid, solid) is oxidized completely to carbon dioxide and water.

Experimental conditions under which the composition of the product mixture is determined by the relative rates of formation of each product.

In nomenclature, a numberused to identify the location of a substituent.

Anything that occupies space and has mass; the physical material of the universe. (Section 1.1)

A carbohydrate that cannot be hydrolyzed to a simpler carbohydrate.

A polymer constructed from nucleotides linked together.

A compound such as a phenol that selectively reacts with radicals to remove them from a chain reaction and terminate the chain

A special type of stereoselective reaction in which the stereochemistry of the product is dependent on the stereochemistry of the starting material.