Living by Chemistry 2nd Edition - Solutions by Chapter

Element in which the 5f orbitals are only partially occupied. (Section 6.8)

The conjugate base of an alcohol.

A substituent lacking p bonds and comprised of only carbon and hydrogen atoms.

A thermodynamic cycle based on Hess’s law that relates the lattice energy of an ionic substance to its enthalpy of formation and to other measurable quantities. (Section 8.2)

A positively charged, bridged intermediate formed during the addition reaction that occurs when an alkene is treated with molecular bromine (Br2).

A derivative of a carboxylic acid in which H of the carboxyl group is replaced by a carbon.

A process by which molecular oxygen is used to convert food into CO2, water, and energy.

The spreading of electron density over a larger volume of space.

The branch of chemistry that deals with the relationships between electricity and chemical reactions. (Chapter 20: Introduction)

The numerical value of the equilibrium-constant expression for a system at equilibrium. The equilibrium constant is most usually denoted by Kp for gas-phase systems or Kc for solution-phase systems. (Section 15.2)

A crystal structure where the atoms are packed together as closely as possible. The close-packed layers adopt a two-layer repeating pattern, which leads to a primitive hexagonal unit cell. (Section 12.3)

An orbital formed by the combination of two or more atomic orbitals.

The requirement for an odd number of p electron pairs in order for a compound to be aromatic.

A reaction in which a nucleophile attacks a conjugated p system, resulting in a 1,4-addition.

One of the four arrow-pushing patterns for ionic reactions.

The observation that second-row elements (C, N, O, and F) will form the necessary number of bonds so as to achieve a full valence shell (eight electrons).

In mass spectrometry,the ion that is generated when the compound is ionized.

The conjugate base of phenol or a substituted phenol.

A macromolecule containing many amino acid units, each joined to the next by a peptide bond

A law stating that the partial pressure of a solvent over a solution, Psolution, is given by the vapor pressure of the pure solvent, P° solvent, times the mole fraction of a solvent in the solution, Xsolvent: Psolution = XsolventP° solvent. (Section 13.5)