Organic Chemistry 6th Edition - Solutions by Chapter

The strain that arises when a bond angle is either compressed or expanded compared to its optimal value.

A crystal lattice in which the lattice points are located at the center and corners of each unit cell. (Section 12.2)

The distance between atoms in a covalent bond in picometers (pm; 1 pm 5 10212 m) or Å (1Å 5 10210 m).

A substance (molecule or ion) that acts as a proton donor. (Section 16.2)

A derivative of a carboxylic acid in which H of the carboxyl group is replaced by a carbon.

The scientific discipline that studies the composition, properties, and transformations of matter. (Chapter 1: Introduction)

Compounds with one or two carbons, chlorine, and fl uorine, formerly used as refrigerants

A form of isomerism in which compounds with the same type and number of atoms and the same chemical bonds have different spatial arrangements of these atoms and bonds. (Sections 23.4 and 24.4)

The enthalpy change, ?H, for vaporization of a liquid. (Section 11.4)

The equilibrium established between substances in two or more different phases, for example, between a gas and a solid or between a solid and a liquid. (Section 15.4)

The energy that an object possesses by virtue of its motion. (Section 5.1)

A set of assumptions about the nature of gases. These assumptions, when translated into mathematical form, yield the ideal-gas equation. (Section 10.7)

An assembly of a metal ion and the Lewis bases bonded to it. (Section 23.2)

The amino acid at the end of a polypeptide chain having the free !NH2 group

A form of isomerism in which the two forms of a compound (stereoisomers) are nonsuperimposable mirror images. (Section 23.4)

A variety of enzymes that selectively hydrolyze specific peptide bonds.

A device that measures the rotation of plane-polarized light caused by optically active compounds.

A Michaelreaction in which an enamine functions as anucleophile.

A group of intermolecular attractive forces including dipole-dipole, dipole-induced dipole, and induced dipole-induced dipole (dispersion) forces

Reduction of the C"O group of an aldehyde or ketone to a CH2 group using hydrazine and a base. Ylide (Section 16.6)