Organic Chemistry 8th Edition - Solutions by Chapter

A temperature scale that uses the absolute zero of temperature as the lowest temperature. (5.3)

See beta rays.

An ion with a net positive charge. (2.5)

A process by which molecular oxygen is used to convert food into CO2, water, and energy.

The area of chemistry concerned with the speeds, or rates, at which chemical reactions occur. (13.1)

A system that enables the exchange of energy (usually in the form of heat) but not mass with its surroundings. (6.2)

The highest temperature at which it is possible to convert the gaseous form of a substance to a liquid. The critical temperature increases with an increase in the magnitude of intermolecular forces. (Section 11.4)

A property that depends on the amount of material considered; for example, mass or volume. (Section 1.3)

A process in which a carboxylic acid is converted into an ester when treated with an alcohol in the presence of an acid catalyst.

A graphic method for determining the relative energies of p MOs for planar, fully conjugated, monocyclic compounds.

A polyhydroxy aldehyde whose formula is CH2OH1CHOH24CHO; it is the most important of the monosaccharides. (Section 24.8)

Bonding that results from intermolecular attractions between molecules containing hydrogen bonded to an electronegative element. The most important examples involve OH, NH, and HF. (Section 11.2)

The energy required to separate completely the ions in an ionic solid. (Section 8.2)

The amino acid at the end of a polypeptide chain having the free !NH2 group

A ranking of functional groups in order of priority for the purposes of IUPAC nomenclature.

An isotope that is radioactive; that is, it is undergoing nuclear changes with emission of radiation. (Section 21.1)

A term used to describe the character of a chemical entity (molecule, ion, or radical) exhibiting more than one significant resonance structure.

A polymer with alternating R and S confi gurations at the chiral centers along its chain, as, for example, syndiotactic polypropylene

A bond in which two electrons are associated with three atoms, such as in diborane (B2H6).

For mechanisms, astep that involves only one chemical entity.