- 22.22.1: Write the stepwise mechanism for sulfonation of benzene by hot, con...
- 22.22.2: Write a structural formula for the product from Friedel-Crafts alky...
- 22.22.3: Write a mechanism for the formation of tert-butylbenzene from benze...
- 22.22.4: Draw structural formulas for the product of nitration of each compo...
- 22.22.5: Predict the major product(s) of each electrophilic aromatic substit...
- 22.22.6: In SN2 reactions of alkyl halides, the order of reactivity is RI . ...
- 22.22.7: Write a stepwise mechanism for each of the following reactions. Use...
- 22.22.8: Pyridine undergoes electrophilic aromatic substitution preferential...
- 22.22.9: Pyrrole undergoes electrophilic aromatic substitution preferentiall...
- 22.22.11: Addition of tert-butylbenzene to the strongly acidic solvent HF/SbF...
- 22.22.12: What product do you predict from the reaction of SCl2 with benzene ...
- 22.22.13: Other groups besides H1 can act as leaving groups in electrophilic ...
- 22.22.14: The following groups are ortho-para directors. Draw a contributing ...
- 22.22.15: Predict the major product or products from treatment of each compou...
- 22.22.16: How do you account for the fact that N-phenylacetamide (acetanilide...
- 22.22.17: Propose an explanation for the fact that the trifluoromethyl group ...
- 22.22.18: Suggest a reason why the nitroso group, !N"O, is ortho-para directi...
- 22.22.19: Arrange the compounds in each set in order of decreasing reactivity...
- 22.22.21: The following molecules each contain two aromatic rings.
- 22.22.22: Reaction of phenol with acetone in the presence of an acid catalyst...
- 22.22.23: 2,6-Di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, alternatively known as butylated ...
- 22.22.24: The insecticide DDT is prepared by the following route. Suggest a m...
- 22.22.25: Treatment of salicylaldehyde (2-hydroxybenzaldehyde) with bromine i...
- 22.22.26: Propose a synthesis for 3,5-dibromo-2-hydroxybenzoic acid (3,5-dibr...
- 22.22.27: Treatment of benzene with succinic anhydride in the presence of pol...
- 22.22.28: Following are the final steps in the synthesis of trifluralin B, a ...
- 22.22.29: A problem in dyeing fabrics is the degree of fastness of the dye to...
- 22.22.31: 22.31 Write the products of the following sequences of reactions. R...
- 22.22.32: Show how to convert toluene to these compounds.
- 22.22.33: Show how to prepare each compound from 1-phenyl-1-propanone.
- 22.22.34: Show how to convert toluene to (a) 2,4-dinitrobenzoic acid and (b) ...
- 22.22.35: Show reagents and conditions to bring about the following conversions.
- 22.22.36: Propose a synthesis of triphenylmethane from benzene, the only sour...
- 22.22.37: Propose a synthesis for each compound from benzene.
- 22.22.38: The first widely used herbicide for the control of weeds was 2,4-di...
- 22.22.39: Phenol is the starting material for the synthesis of 2,3,4,5,6-pent...
- 22.22.41: 3,5-Dibromo-4-hydroxybenzenesulfonic acid is used as a disinfectant...
- 22.22.42: Propose a synthesis for 3,5-dichloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid starting...
- 22.22.43: The following compound used in perfumery has a violet-like scent. P...
- 22.22.44: Cancer of the prostate is the second leading cause of cancer deaths...
- 22.22.45: The compound 4-isobutylacetophenone is needed for the synthesis of ...
- 22.22.46: Following is the structural formula of musk ambrette, a synthetic m...
- 22.22.47: Propose a synthesis of this compound starting from toluene and phenol.
- 22.22.48: When certain aromatic compounds are treated with formaldehyde (CH2O...
- 22.22.49: Following is a retrosynthetic analysis for the acaracide (killing m...
- 22.22.51: Bupropion, the hydrochloride of which was first marketed in 1985 by...
- 22.22.52: Diazepam, better known as Valium, is a central nervous system (CNS)...
- 22.22.53: The antidepressant amitriptyline inhibits the reuptake of norepinep...
- 22.22.54: Show how the antidepressant venlafaxine (Effexor) can be synthesize...
- 22.22.55: One potential synthesis of the anti-inflammatory and analgesic drug...
- 22.22.56: The analgesic, soporific, and euphoriant properties of the dried ju...
- 22.22.57: Following is the structural formula of the antihypertensive drug la...
- 22.22.58: Given this retrosynthetic analysis, propose a synthesis for the ant...
- 22.22.59: Meclizine is an antiemetic (it helps prevent or at least lessen the...
- 22.22.61: Among the first antipsychotic drugs for the treatment of schizophre...
- 22.22.62: newer generation of antipsychotics, among them clozapine, are now u...
- 22.22.63: Proparacaine is one of a class of -caine local anesthetics. (a) Giv...
Solutions for Chapter 22: Reactions of Benzene and Its Derivatives
Full solutions for Organic Chemistry | 7th Edition
ISBN: 9781133952848
Solutions for Chapter 22
17
3
Chapter 22: Reactions of Benzene and Its Derivatives includes 57 full step-by-step solutions. Organic Chemistry was written by and is associated to the ISBN: 9781133952848. This textbook survival guide was created for the textbook: Organic Chemistry, edition: 7. Since 57 problems in chapter 22: Reactions of Benzene and Its Derivatives have been answered, more than 56558 students have viewed full step-by-step solutions from this chapter. This expansive textbook survival guide covers the following chapters and their solutions.
Key Chemistry Terms and definitions covered in this textbook
-
acid rain
Rainwater that has become excessively acidic because of absorption of pollutant oxides, notably SO3, produced by human activities. (Section 18.2)
-
acid-dissociation constant (Ka)
An equilibrium constant that expresses the extent to which an acid transfers a proton to solvent water. (Section 16.6)
-
Alkoxy group
An !OR group where R is an alkyl group
-
alpha particles
Particles that are identical to helium-4 nuclei, consisting of two protons and two neutrons, symbol 4 2He or 4 2a. (Section 21.1)
-
androgens
Male sex hormones.
-
aqueous solution
A solution in which water is the solvent. (Chapter 4: Introduction)
-
chair conformation
The lowest energy conformation for cyclohexane, in which all bond angles are fairly close to 109.5° and all hydrogen atoms are staggered.
-
copolymer
A polymer that is constructed from more than one repeating unit.
-
Coulomb’s law.
The potential energy between two ions is directly proportional to the product of their charges and inversely proportional to the distance between them. (9.3)
-
critical mass.
The minimum mass of fissionable material required to generate a self-sustaining nuclear chain reaction. (19.5)
-
dihedral angle
The angle by which two groups are separated in a Newman projection.
-
free radical
A substance with one or more unpaired electrons. (Section 21.9)
-
limiting reactant (limiting reagent)
The reactant present in the smallest stoichiometric quantity in a mixture of reactants; the amount of product that can form is limited by the complete consumption of the limiting reactant. (Section 3.7)
-
Merrifield synthesis
A method for building a peptide from protected building blocks.
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organic chemistry
The study of carbon-containing compounds, typically containing carbon–carbon bonds. (Section 2.9; Chapter 24:Introduction)
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physiological pH
The pH of blood (approximately 7.3).
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Radical inhibitor
A compound such as a phenol that selectively reacts with radicals to remove them from a chain reaction and terminate the chain
-
substitution reactions
Reactions in which one group is replaced by another group.
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Sulfi de
The sulfur analog of an ether; a molecule containing a sulfur atom bonded to two carbon atoms. Sulfi des are also called thioethers
-
Wave function
A solution to a set of equations that defi nes the energy of an electron in an atom and the region of space it may occupy.