Solutions for Chapter 2.7SE: Chemistry: The Central Science 13th Edition

The decay rate of a radioactive material, generally expressed as the number of disintegrations per unit time. (Section 21.4)

An organic compound containing the hydroxyl group —OH. (24.4)

A basic nitrogen-containing compound of plant origin, many of which are physiologically active when administered to humans.

A carbocation in which the positive charge is adjacent to a carbon-carbon double bond.

An electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction in which an aryldiazonium salt reacts with an activated aromatic ring.

A substance that yields hydroxide ions (OH2) when dissolved in water. (2.7)

An sp3 -hybridized carbon bonded to a benzene ring

A step in a chain reaction that involves destruction of reactive intermediates

The area of chemistry concerned with the speeds, or rates, at which chemical reactions occur. (13.1)

Mixtures containing particles larger than normal solutes but small enough to remain suspended in the dispersing medium. (Section 13.6)

A symbol used to show the redistribution of valence electrons in resonance contributing structures or reactions, symbolizing movement of two electrons

A compound with the structure R!O!R.

A process performed in the presence of hydrogen gas by which large alkanes in petroleum are converted into smaller alkanes that are more suitable for use as gasoline.

Interaction of electrons in a s-bonding orbital with the vacant 2p orbital of an adjacent positively charged carbon.

A process that cannot be reversed to restore both the system and its surroundings to their original states. Any spontaneous process is irreversible. (Section 19.1)

The nucleophile in a Michael reaction.

The NO2+ ion, which is present in a mixture of nitric acid and sulfuric acid.

The loss of electrons. Alternatively, either the loss of hydrogens, the gain of oxygens, or both.

A method for converting an alkene to an alcohol. The alkene is treated with mercury(II) acetate followed by reduction with sodium borohydride.

Individual Lewis structures in cases where two or more Lewis structures are equally good descriptions of a single molecule. The resonance structures in such an instance are “averaged” to give a more accurate description of the real molecule. (Section 8.6)