Chemistry 12th Edition - Solutions by Chapter

See beta rays.

The boiling point of the solution (Tb) minus the boiling point of the pure solvent (T° b). (12.6)

Difference in electrical potential between the anode and the cathode of a galvanic cell. (18.2)

Mixtures containing particles larger than normal solutes but small enough to remain suspended in the dispersing medium. (Section 13.6)

A polymer containing two or more different monomers. (25.2)

A phenomenon observed most commonly for nonequivalent protons connected to adjacent carbon atoms in which the multiplicity of each signal is affected by the other.

A theory that accounts for the colors and the magnetic and other properties of transition-metal complexes in terms of the splitting of the energies of metal ion d orbitals by the electrostatic interaction with the ligands. (Section 23.6)

In NMR spectroscopy, a signal that is comprised of two peaks.

See voltaic cell. (Section 20.3)

Spin-spin coupling with adjacent nuclei split NMR signals depending on the extent of coupling and the number of adjacent equivalent nuclei.

Any molecular vibration that leads to a substantial change in dipole moment and is observed in an IR spectrum.

Radiation that has sufficient energy to remove an electron from a molecule, thereby ionizing it. (Section 21.9)

A reaction in which a nucleophile bonded to the carbon of an acyl group is replaced by another nucleophile.

The specifi c rotation of a mixture of enantiomers divided by the specifi c rotation of the enantiomerically pure substance (expressed as a percent). Optical purity is numerically equal to enantiomeric excess, but experimentally determined.

A bond formed from adjacent, overlapping p orbitals.

A particle with the same mass as an electron but with a positive charge, 0 +1e, or b+. (Section 21.1)

A measure of the force exerted on a unit area. In chemistry, pressure is often expressed in units of atmospheres (atm) or torr: 760 torr = 1 atm; in SI units pressure is expressed in pascals (Pa). (Section 10.2)

A bimolecular nucleophilic substitution reaction.

An organohalide in which the alpha (a) position is connected to three alkyl groups.

A method for preparing an ether from an alkoxide ion and an alkyl halide (via an SN2 process).