Solutions for Chapter 11: Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids

Elements that have incompletely filled 5f subshells or readily give rise to cations that have incompletely filled 5f subshells. (7.9)

A carbocation in which an allylic carbon bears the positive charge.

A galvanic cell, or a series of combined galvanic cells, that can be used as a source of direct electric current at a constant voltage. (18.6)

An elementary reaction that involves two molecules. (Section 14.6)

The area of chemistry concerned with the speeds, or rates, at which chemical reactions occur. (13.1)

Addition of a nucleophile to the b-carbon of an a,b-unsaturated carbonyl compound. (Section 20.2A) Addition to carbons 1 and 4 of a conjugated diene.

An alkane whose structure contains a ring.

The circulation of electron density in a molecule in an applied magnetic fi eld.

A molecule that consists of two atoms. (2.5)

In Diels-Alder reactions that produce bicyclic structures, the positions that are syn to the larger bridge.

The process of forming an ester by refl uxing a carboxylic acid and an alcohol in the presence of an acid catalyst, commonly H2SO4, ArSO3H, or HCl

The constant of proportionality in the ideal-gas equation. (Section 10.4)

A carbohydrate that contains a ketone group.

A constant characteristic of a particular solvent that gives the increase in boiling point as a function of solution molality: ?Tb = Kbm. (Section 13.5)

In NMR spectroscopy, if n is the number of neighboring protons, then the multiplicity will be n+1.

A naturally occurring mixture of gaseous hydrocarbon compounds composed of hydrogen and carbon. (Section 5.8)

A biopolymer containing three types of monomer units: heterocyclic aromatic amine bases derived from purine and pyrimidine, the monosaccharides d-ribose or 2-deoxy-d-ribose, and phosphoric acid

A device that uses strong magnetic and electrostatic fields to accelerate charged particles. (Section 21.3)

Hydrolysis of an ester in the presence of a base. (Section 24.4)

For a chiral compound that is subjected to plane-polarized light, the observed rotation when a standard concentration (1 g/mL) and a standard path length (1 dm) are used.