Anatomy & Physiology 1st Edition solutions

Anatomy & Physiology 1
Watch this animation (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/ braindevel) to examine the development of the brain, starting with the neural tube. As the anterior end of the neural tube develops, it enlarges into the primary vesicles that establish the forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain. Those structures contin

Anatomy & Physiology 1
Watch this video (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/ whitematter) to learn about the white matter in the cerebrum that develops during childhood and adolescence. This is a composite of MRI images taken of the brains of people from 5 years of age through 20 years of age, demonstrating how the cerebrum chan

Anatomy & Physiology 1
Watch this video (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/ basalnuclei1) to learn about the basal nuclei (also known as the basal ganglia), which have two pathways that process information within the cerebrum. As shown in this video, the direct pathway is the shorter pathway through the system that results in i

Anatomy & Physiology 1
Watch this video (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/ basalnuclei2) to learn about the basal nuclei (also known as the basal ganglia), which have two pathways that process information within the cerebrum. As shown in this video, the indirect pathway is the longer pathway through the system that results in

Anatomy & Physiology 1
Watch this video (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/ graymatter) to learn about the gray matter of the spinal cord that receives input from fibers of the dorsal (posterior) root and sends information out through the fibers of the ventral (anterior) root. As discussed in this video, these connections repre

Anatomy & Physiology 1
Compared with the nearest evolutionary relative, the chimpanzee, the human has a brain that is huge. At a point in the past, a common ancestor gave rise to the two species of humans and chimpanzees. That evolutionary history is long and is still an area of intense study. But something happened to inc

Anatomy & Physiology 1
Watch this animation (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/ bloodflow1) to see how blood flows to the brain and passes through the circle of Willis before being distributed through the cerebrum. The circle of Willis is a specialized arrangement of arteries that ensure constant perfusion of the cerebrum even

Anatomy & Physiology 1
Watch this video (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/ lumbarpuncture) that describes the procedure known as the lumbar puncture, a medical procedure used to sample the CSF. Because of the anatomy of the CNS, it is a relative safe location to insert a needle. Why is the lumbar puncture performed in the lowe

Anatomy & Physiology 1
Watch this animation (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/ CSFflow) that shows the flow of CSF through the brain and spinal cord, and how it originates from the ventricles and then spreads into the space within the meninges, where the fluids then move into the venous sinuses to return to the cardiovascular

Anatomy & Physiology 1
Figure 13.20 If you zoom in on the DRG, you can see smaller satellite glial cells surrounding the large cell bodies of the sensory neurons. From what structure do satellite cells derive during embryologic development?

Anatomy & Physiology 1
Figure 13.22 To what structures in a skeletal muscle are the endoneurium, perineurium, and epineurium comparable?

Anatomy & Physiology 1
Visit this site (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/ NYTmeningitis) to read about a man who wakes with a headache and a loss of vision. His regular doctor sent him to an ophthalmologist to address the vision loss. The ophthalmologist recognizes a greater problem and immediately sends him to the emergency r

Anatomy & Physiology 1
Aside from the nervous system, which other organ system develops out of the ectoderm? a. digestive b. respiratory c. integumentary d. urinary

Anatomy & Physiology 1
Which primary vesicle of the embryonic nervous system does not differentiate into more vesicles at the secondary stage? a. prosencephalon b. mesencephalon c. diencephalon d. rhombencephalon

Anatomy & Physiology 1
Which adult structure(s) arises from the diencephalon? a. thalamus, hypothalamus, retina b. midbrain, pons, medulla c. pons and cerebellum d. cerebrum

Anatomy & Physiology 1
Which non-nervous tissue develops from the neuroectoderm? a. respiratory mucosa b. vertebral bone c. digestive lining d. craniofacial bone

Anatomy & Physiology 1
Which structure is associated with the embryologic development of the peripheral nervous system? a. neural crest b. neuraxis c. rhombencephalon d. neural tube

Anatomy & Physiology 1
Which lobe of the cerebral cortex is responsible for generating motor commands? a. temporal b. parietal c. occipital d. frontal

Anatomy & Physiology 1
What region of the diencephalon coordinates homeostasis? a. thalamus b. epithalamus c. hypothalamus d. subthalamus

Anatomy & Physiology 1
What level of the brain stem is the major input to the cerebellum? a. midbrain b. pons c. medulla d. spinal cord

Anatomy & Physiology 1
What region of the spinal cord contains motor neurons that direct the movement of skeletal muscles? a. anterior horn b. posterior horn c. lateral horn d. alar plate

Anatomy & Physiology 1
Brodmanns areas map different regions of the ________ to particular functions. a. cerebellum b. cerebral cortex c. basal forebrain d. corpus callosum

Anatomy & Physiology 1
What blood vessel enters the cranium to supply the brain with fresh, oxygenated blood? a. common carotid artery b. jugular vein c. internal carotid artery d. aorta

Anatomy & Physiology 1
Which layer of the meninges surrounds and supports the sinuses that form the route through which blood drains from the CNS? a. dura mater b. arachnoid mater c. subarachnoid d. pia mater

Anatomy & Physiology 1
What type of glial cell is responsible for filtering blood to produce CSF at the choroid plexus? a. ependymal cell b. astrocyte c. oligodendrocyte d. Schwann cell

Anatomy & Physiology 1
Which portion of the ventricular system is found within the diencephalon? a. lateral ventricles b. third ventricle c. cerebral aqueduct d. fourth ventricle

Anatomy & Physiology 1
What condition causes a stroke? a. inflammation of meninges b. lumbar puncture c. infection of cerebral spinal fluid d. disruption of blood to the brain

Anatomy & Physiology 1
What type of ganglion contains neurons that control homeostatic mechanisms of the body? a. sensory ganglion b. dorsal root ganglion c. autonomic ganglion d. cranial nerve ganglion

Anatomy & Physiology 1
Which ganglion is responsible for cutaneous sensations of the face? a. otic ganglion b. vestibular ganglion c. geniculate ganglion d. trigeminal ganglion

Anatomy & Physiology 1
What is the name for a bundle of axons within a nerve? a. fascicle b. tract c. nerve root d. epineurium

Anatomy & Physiology 1
Which cranial nerve does not control functions in the head and neck? a. olfactory b. trochlear c. glossopharyngeal d. vagus

Anatomy & Physiology 1
Which of these structures is not under direct control of the peripheral nervous system? a. trigeminal ganglion b. gastric plexus c. sympathetic chain ganglia d. cervical plexus

Anatomy & Physiology 1
Studying the embryonic development of the nervous system makes it easier to understand the complexity of the adult nervous system. Give one example of how development in the embryonic nervous system explains a more complex structure in the adult nervous system.

Anatomy & Physiology 1
What happens in development that suggests that there is a special relationship between the skeletal structure of the head and the nervous system?

Anatomy & Physiology 1
Damage to specific regions of the cerebral cortex, such as through a stroke, can result in specific losses of function. What functions would likely be lost by a stroke in the temporal lobe?

Anatomy & Physiology 1
Why do the anatomical inputs to the cerebellum suggest that it can compare motor commands and sensory feedback?

Anatomy & Physiology 1
Why can the circle of Willis maintain perfusion of the brain even if there is a blockage in one part of the structure?

Anatomy & Physiology 1
Meningitis is an inflammation of the meninges that can have severe effects on neurological function. Why is infection of this structure potentially so dangerous?

Anatomy & Physiology 1
Why are ganglia and nerves not surrounded by protective structures like the meninges of the CNS?

Anatomy & Physiology 1
Testing for neurological function involves a series of tests of functions associated with the cranial nerves. What functions, and therefore which nerves, are being tested by asking a patient to follow the tip of a pen with their eyes?