Solutions for Chapter 18: Air Pollution

A bitterly cold air mass that forms over the frozen Arctic Ocean.

The property of a lens whereby light of different colors is focused at different places.

A section of a stream that leaves the main flow.

See Glacial drift.

See Paleomagnetism.

An all-embracing term for sediments of glacial origin, no matter how, where, or in what shape they were deposited.

Refers to the common or characteristic shape of a crystal, or aggregate of crystals.

The process of generating more than one rock type from a single magma.

A scale that shows the ages of magnetic reversals and is based on the polarity of lava flows of various ages.

The physical disintegration of rock, resulting in smaller fragments.

Hardened lava that has retained the vesicles produced by escaping gases.

Lower limit of perennial snow.

One of the two types of dry climate. A marginal and more humid variant of the desert that separates it from bordering humid climates.

The conversion of a solid directly to a gas without passing through the liquid state.

A dark spot on the Sun, which is cool by contrast to the surrounding photosphere.

The boundary between the troposphere and the stratosphere.

Found almost exclusively in the Northern Hemisphere or at high altitudes in many mountainous regions. A treeless climatic realm of sedges, grasses, mosses, and lichens that is dominated by a long, bitterly cold winter.

A relatively narrow body of stratified drift deposited on a valley floor by meltwater streams that issue from a valley glacier.

A measure of a fluid’s resistance to flow.

A common term for a desert stream course that is typically dry except for brief periods immediately following a rain.