Fundamentals of Fluid Mechanics 8th Edition - Solutions by Chapter

The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one gram of water 1° C.

An imaginary hollow sphere upon which the ancients believed the stars were hung and carried around Earth.

Sedimentary rock consisting of material that was precipitated from water by either inorganic or organic means.

That part of the continental crust that has attained stability; that is, it has not been affected by significant tectonic activity during the Phanerozoic eon. It consists of the shield and stable platform.

The largest time unit on the geologic time scale, next in order of magnitude above era.

The portion of the photic zone near the surface where light is bright enough for photosynthesis to occur.

The concept of an Earth-centered universe.

A concentration of heat in the mantle capable of producing magma, which in turn extrudes onto Earth’s surface. The intraplate volcanism that produced the Hawaiian Islands is one example.

A line drawn on a map connecting points of equal atmospheric pressure, usually corrected to sea level.

The distance light travels in a year; about 6 trillion miles.

A center of low pressure characterized by cyclonic winds.

Relatively small fragments of continental crust that may lie above sea level, such as the island of Madagascar, or be submerged, as exemplified by the Campbell Plateau located near New Zealand.

An unconformity in which older metamorphic or intrusive igneous rocks are overlain by younger sedimentary strata.

Date that specifies the actual number of years that have passed since an event occurred.

A very coarse-grained igneous rock (typically granite) commonly found as a dike associated with a large mass of plutonic rock that has smaller crystals. Crystallization in a waterrich environment is believed to be responsible for the very large crystals.

Algal plankton, which are the most important community of primary producers in the ocean.

The amount of organic matter synthesized by organisms from inorganic substances through photosynthesis or chemosynthesis within a given volume of water or habitat in a unit of time.

See Energy levels.

A consolidated mixture of minerals.

The period of revolution of the Moon with respect to the Sun, or its cycle of phases.