Solutions for Chapter 3.3: Statistics for Engineers and Scientists 4th Edition

A formula used to determine the probability of the union of two (or more) events from the probabilities of the events and their intersection(s).

A method of variable selection in regression that examines all possible subsets of the candidate regressor variables. Eficient computer algorithms have been developed for implementing all possible regressions

A distribution with two modes

The joint distribution of two normal random variables

In experimental design, a group of experimental units or material that is relatively homogeneous. The purpose of dividing experimental units into blocks is to produce an experimental design wherein variability within blocks is smaller than variability between blocks. This allows the factors of interest to be compared in an environment that has less variability than in an unblocked experiment.

Any test of signiicance based on the chi-square distribution. The most common chi-square tests are (1) testing hypotheses about the variance or standard deviation of a normal distribution and (2) testing goodness of it of a theoretical distribution to sample data

An experiment in which the treatments (experimental conditions) that are to be studied are included in the experiment. The data from the experiment are used to evaluate the treatments.

Another term for the conidence coeficient.

A two-dimensional graphic used for a bivariate probability density function that displays curves for which the probability density function is constant.

In the most general usage, a measure of the interdependence among data. The concept may include more than two variables. The term is most commonly used in a narrow sense to express the relationship between quantitative variables or ranks.

For a random variable X, the function of X deined as PX x ( ) ? that is used to specify the probability distribution.

A quality tool that graphically shows the location of defects on a part or in a process.

A discrete random variable with a inite range and constant probability mass function.

The amount of variability exhibited by data

The variance of an error term or component in a model.

A series of tests in which changes are made to the system under study

A term in the formula for the variance of a hypergeometric random variable.

In analysis of variance, a factor or effect is considered ixed if all the levels of interest for that factor are included in the experiment. Conclusions are then valid about this set of levels only, although when the factor is quantitative, it is customary to it a model to the data for interpolating between these levels.

A function used in the probability density function of a gamma random variable that can be considered to extend factorials

Another name for the normal distribution, based on the strong connection of Karl F. Gauss to the normal distribution; often used in physics and electrical engineering applications