BIOL 110: Fund of Biology I

Explore the intricacies of nucleic acids, the macromolecules essential to life. Understand the roles of DNA and RNA, and delve into the structure of nucleotides—the fundamental building blocks of these crucial biomolecules.

Explore the intricacies of muscle contraction and the pivotal role played by elements like Calcium, Sodium, Potassium, and Chloride. Learn how Calcium directly triggers contraction by interacting with troponin and actin filaments. A thorough breakdown of each element's unique contribution to our body's movement.

Explore the intricacies of DNA replication and the pivotal role of Okazaki fragments. Understand the difference between the leading and lagging strands. Dive deep into the mechanisms that drive this life-sustaining process.

Explore the distinctions between aerobic, anaerobic, and non-aerobic exercises. Understand the energy mechanisms driving each type of exercise and their unique health benefits. From jogging and sprinting to golf, discover how each engages the body differently.

Discover the intricacies of catabolism and the role of the citric acid cycle in CO2 release. Understand how glycolysis leads to the production of pyruvate, ATP, and NADH. Gain clarity on how our body processes and expels carbon dioxide during cellular metabolism.

Explore the body's fight-or-flight response and its link to caffeine's effects. Learn how the interruption of cAMP phosphodiesterase leads to prolonged alertness and why caffeine can result in sleeplessness.