BIOL 113: Biology II

Discover the origins of specialized cells in embryonic development and learn about the three essential germ layers: ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. Explore how these layers form the foundation for all multicellular life.

Discover the mechanics of voltage-gated Na+ channels and their role in neuron activity. This video breaks down key neuronal terms like resting potential and threshold to explain precisely when these channels open. You'll come away understanding that voltage-gated Na+ channels open at the threshold state initiating an action potential.

Explore the role of human placental lactogen (hPL) in this informative video. Learn how hPL prepares the breasts for lactation, debunking other hypotheses about its functions in nourishing the placenta or regulating the menstrual cycle. Discover the primary function of this remarkable placental hormone.

Explore the essential roles of accessory digestive organs, including the liver, pancreas, gallbladder, and salivary glands. Understand their functions, from enzyme secretion to nutrient breakdown. Gain insights into the intricacies of the human digestive process.

Discover the multifaceted role of cytokines as the body's cellular messengers. Uncover their pivotal tasks in regulating immune and inflammatory responses. Dive into their significance in cell growth, differentiation, and inter-cellular communication.

Explore the sensory marvels of the male silkworm moth known as Bombyx mori and how they detect specific chemical signals from females. Uncover a hypothesis about the unique sensitivity of the moth's antennae and a prediction stemming from it. Learn how to design an experiment to test this hypothesis and deepen your understanding of insect behavior.