BIOL 220: General Microbiology

Learn how bioremediation works to treat contaminated environments and how microbes can help clean up pollutants. We evaluate multiple scenarios zeroing in on oil-degrading bacteria as a prime example of the process.

Explore the critical components of the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS), including nerves and ganglia. Understand the distinction between sensory and autonomic ganglia and the composition of nerves' layers. Learn why nerves and ganglia lack the protective meninges found in the CNS and how they facilitate essential signal transmission within the body.

Discover the precise organization of thin and thick filaments in muscle cells as we debunk misconceptions and highlight the vital role of sarcomeres in muscle contraction.

Discover the unique characteristics of cartilage, its critical roles in the human body, and the reasons behind its slow healing rate. Uncover myths and gain clarity on the essential factors influencing cartilage repair.

Explore what makes each element unique by focusing on the atomic components: protons neutrons and electrons. Learn why the number of protons known as the atomic number is the defining characteristic for each element's properties. Understand how protons set elements apart even as neutrons and electrons also play important roles.

Explore the differences in DNA, RNA, and protein synthesis between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. Understand the benefits of separation in eukaryotes and the efficiency of proximity in prokaryotes. Both systems reveal the ingenious ways cells adapt to their needs.