BIOL 109: Principles of Biology 1

Learn about the critical roles of the epiglottis and glottis in our respiratory and digestive systems. Understand how the epiglottis acts as a protective gate during swallowing, while the glottis facilitates sound production. Together, they ensure safe breathing and swallowing.

Explore the application of parsimony in constructing phylogenetic trees, emphasizing simplicity in scientific explanations and its relation to evolutionary changes. Learn about various options for tree construction and the core concept of choosing the most parsimonious representation

Unlock the world of pathogens, the microorganisms causing diseases. Grasp how they invade, colonize, and adversely affect host organisms. Learn about prevention strategies to mitigate their harmful impacts.

Discover the origins of specialized cells in embryonic development and learn about the three essential germ layers: ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. Explore how these layers form the foundation for all multicellular life.

Explore the world of microbiology in this video as we investigate the processes that lead to genetic variation in bacterial populations. Learn about transduction, transformation, conjugation, and mutation, and discover why meiosis, a process occurring in sexually reproducing organisms, is not a source of genetic variation in bacteria.