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Blood plasma proteins of patients with malignant breast tumors differ from proteins of
Chapter 4, Problem 4-5(choose chapter or problem)
Blood plasma proteins of patients with malignant breast tumors differ from proteins of healthy people in their solubility in the presence of various polymers. When the polymers dextran and poly(ethylene glycol) are mixed with water, a two-phase mixture is formed. When plasma proteins of tumor patients are added, the distribution of proteins between the two phases is different from that of plasma proteins of a healthy person. The distribution coefficient (K) for any substance is defined as K [concentration of the substance in phase A] / [concentration of the substance in phase B]. Proteins of healthy people have a mean distribution coefficient of 0.75 with a standard deviation of 0.07. For the proteins of people with cancer, the mean is 0.92 with a standard deviation of 0.11. (a) Suppose that K were used as a diagnostic tool and that a positive indication of cancer is taken as K 0.92. What fraction of people with tumors would have a false negative indication of cancer because K < 0.92? (b) What fraction of healthy people would have a false positive indication of cancer? This number is the fraction of healthy people with K 0.92, shown by the shaded area in the adjoining graph.
Questions & Answers
QUESTION:
Blood plasma proteins of patients with malignant breast tumors differ from proteins of healthy people in their solubility in the presence of various polymers. When the polymers dextran and poly(ethylene glycol) are mixed with water, a two-phase mixture is formed. When plasma proteins of tumor patients are added, the distribution of proteins between the two phases is different from that of plasma proteins of a healthy person. The distribution coefficient (K) for any substance is defined as K [concentration of the substance in phase A] / [concentration of the substance in phase B]. Proteins of healthy people have a mean distribution coefficient of 0.75 with a standard deviation of 0.07. For the proteins of people with cancer, the mean is 0.92 with a standard deviation of 0.11. (a) Suppose that K were used as a diagnostic tool and that a positive indication of cancer is taken as K 0.92. What fraction of people with tumors would have a false negative indication of cancer because K < 0.92? (b) What fraction of healthy people would have a false positive indication of cancer? This number is the fraction of healthy people with K 0.92, shown by the shaded area in the adjoining graph.
ANSWER:Step 1 of 4
Normal distribution curve
A normal distribution curve (also called a Gaussian curve) has a bell shape and shows that the most frequent observations in data are within a small range around the mean. Therefore, the curve has a bell shape.
If the normal distribution curve is perfect, the graph's peak represents the data's mean, median, and mode. The parameters that define a normal distribution curve are mean and variance.
A standard normal distribution curve is obtained when the mean of the observations is zero and has a standard deviation of 1.
A normal distribution curve is greatly studied as many psychological and natural observations follow a normal distribution.