CALC To heat 1 cup of water to make coffee, you place an

Chapter 20, Problem 20.62

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To heat 1 cup of water \(\left(250\mathrm{\ cm}^3\right)\) to make coffee, you place an electric heating element in the cup. As the water temperature increases from \(20^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) to \(78^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\), the temperature of the heating element remains at a constant \(120^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\). Calculate the change in entropy of (a) the water; (b) the heating element; (c) the system of water and heating element. (Make the same assumption about the specific heat of water as in Example 20.10 in Section 20.7, and ignore the heat that flows into the ceramic coffee cup itself.) (d) Is this process reversible or irreversible? Explain.