17. Teen smoking, part I. A Vermont study published

Chapter 22, Problem 17

(choose chapter or problem)

17. Teen smoking, part I. A Vermont study published inDecember 2001 by the American Academy of Pediatricsexamined parental influence on teenagers decisions tosmoke. A group of students who had never smoked werequestioned about their parents attitudes toward smoking.These students were questioned again two years laterto see if they had started smoking. The researchers foundthat, among the 284 students who indicated that theirparents disapproved of kids smoking, 54 had become establishedsmokers. Among the 41 students who initiallysaid their parents were lenient about smoking, 11 becamesmokers. Do these data provide strong evidence thatparental attitude influences teenagers decisions aboutsmoking?a) What kind of design did the researchers use?b) Write appropriate hypotheses.c) Are the assumptions and conditions necessary forinference satisfied?d) Test the hypothesis and state your conclusion.e) Explain in this context what your P-value means.f) If that conclusion is actually wrong, which type oferror did you commit?