Nonlinear springs are classified as hard or soft,
Chapter 13, Problem 13.35(choose chapter or problem)
Nonlinear springs are classified as hard or soft, depending upon the curvature of their force-deflection curve (see figure). If a delicate instrument having a mass of 5 kg is placed on a spring of length l so that its base is just touching the undeformed spring and then inadvertently released from that position, determine the maximum deflection \(x_{m}\) of the spring and the maximum force \(F_{m}\) exerted by the spring, assuming (a) a linear spring of constant k = 3 kN/m, (b) a hard, nonlinear spring, for which \(F=(3 \ \mathrm{kN} / \mathrm{m})\left(x+160 x^{3}\right)\).
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