Solved: For each of these arguments, explain which rules

Chapter 7, Problem 14E

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QUESTION:

For each of these arguments, explain which rules of inference are used for each step.a) “Linda, a student in this class, owns a red convertible. Everyone who owns a red convertible has gotten at least one speeding ticket. Therefore, someone in this class has gotten a speeding ticket.”________________b) “Each of five roommates, Melissa, Aaron, Ralph, Veneesha, and Keeshawn, has taken a course in discrete mathematics. Every student who has taken a course in discrete mathematics can take a course in algorithms. Therefore, all five roommates can take a course in algorithms next year.”________________c) “All movies produced by John Sayles are wonderful. John Sayles produced a movie about coal miners. Therefore, there is a wonderful movie about coal miners,”________________d) “There is someone in this class who has been lo France. Everyone who goes lo France visits the Louvre. Therefore, someone in this class has visited the Louvre.”

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QUESTION:

For each of these arguments, explain which rules of inference are used for each step.a) “Linda, a student in this class, owns a red convertible. Everyone who owns a red convertible has gotten at least one speeding ticket. Therefore, someone in this class has gotten a speeding ticket.”________________b) “Each of five roommates, Melissa, Aaron, Ralph, Veneesha, and Keeshawn, has taken a course in discrete mathematics. Every student who has taken a course in discrete mathematics can take a course in algorithms. Therefore, all five roommates can take a course in algorithms next year.”________________c) “All movies produced by John Sayles are wonderful. John Sayles produced a movie about coal miners. Therefore, there is a wonderful movie about coal miners,”________________d) “There is someone in this class who has been lo France. Everyone who goes lo France visits the Louvre. Therefore, someone in this class has visited the Louvre.”

ANSWER:

SolutionStep 1(a)Let us assume that CL(x) where x be a no of student in the class , RED(x) where x be a student who own the red convertible and SPEED(x) where x be a student in the class who gotten speeding ticket.Now, we have to establish a premiseCL(LINDA)RED(LINDA)x ( CL(x) RED(x) ) Then Conclusion must beCL(LINDA) SPEED(LINDA) (Conjunction)x ( CL(x) SPEED(x) ) (Existential Generalization)

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