In Exercises 130, solve each equation. Be sure | Ch 2.3 - 20

SOC 100 Week 12 Notes Chapter 10 Gender Stratification  Clicker – would you like to work outside the house or inside (taking care of family) o Males more likely to want jobs outside the house rather than In house (taking care of kids) compared to women o National poll­  Male­ 76% wish to work outside house  Female­ 51%  World view of women’s power o Least power in Africa, India, and Indonesia o Most equality in Europe, Canada, Australia, Japan  US has above average, but not as high as Europe  Malala Yousafzai o Shot 3 times for speaking out about women being able to go to school o One of TIME’s 100 most influential people in the world  Clicker – what is your gender o 67% female o 31% male o 2% other  Sex o Biologically based; whether a person is male or female  Gender o A social construction that varies across cultures, over time, within a given culture, and in relation to the other gender o Socially learned expectations and behaviors associated with members of each sex  Sex/Gender roles o An English professor wrote the words “a woman without her man is nothing” on a blackboard and directed the students to punctuate it correctly  Men wrote: “a woman, without her man, is nothing.”  Women wrote” A woman; without her, man is nothing” o Fortune cookie: “behind every able man, there is another able man”  Sexism o Subordination of one sex, usually female, based on the assumed superiority of the other sex  Objectification o Treating people as objects or things; not human  Areas of possible sexism o Power – the ability to mobilize collective resources, to accomplish things, to overcome opposition, to dominate others o Jobs/Income – women earn $.78 for every $1 earned by men o Image – how men and women are portrayed – psychological/behavioral attributes  Sex Role Differences o Sociobiologist  “innate” differences  Certain sex role differences are inevitable o Functionalist  “tradition”  Sex role differences were useful in the past and are still useful today  Work together in different roles to achieve goals of group o Conflict  “power”  Sex roles reflect a conflict of interest between men and women and will change if and when women gain more economic power  Clicker – if you plan to get married to someone of opposite sex, would it bother you if your spouse was taller than you o Male – split between yes and no o Female – 64% said no o Biologically inclined­ tall men are seen as more dominant  Clicker­ would it bother you if your spouse makes more money than you o Male­ 33 said no, 9 said yes o Female­ 90 said no, 7 said yes * higher proportion than men*  How are sexes different o Biological evidence  Anatomical  Men tend to be physically stronger (short term exertion)  Equal at long term exertion  Genetic  Male­ X and Y  Female­ X and X  Women tend to live longer/be healthier  Hormonal o Psychological evidence  Males babies are more active  Female babies smile more, more sensitive to warmth and touch  Example – two babies born male, but after an botched procedure, one of the children was raised female  Even though both were born male, the one raised as a female acted like a female  BUT, later on the one raised as a female felt that they were a man, and underwent surgery to become a man  Takeaway­ it is still uncertain how much of our identity is due to biology versus psychology o Cross­cultural evidence  Arapesh  Feminine society  Both men and women exhibit gentle, sensitive, and cooperative habits  Mundugumor  Canabalistic tribe – no nurturing, motherly traits displayed by either sex  Tchambuli  Role reversal­ women take on traditional (western) male roles  Who is the stronger sex o When considering many factors of strength, women stronger than men  Gender gap for Employment o Gap is narrowing in regard to employment % for historically male­dominated jobs o Pay difference still remains  $0.77 for every $1 men earn  The gap is getting narrower with younger generations  Years to Parity by State o US average – 53 years (2068) until equal pay at current rate o Florida – 23 years o Colorado – 42 years o Wyoming – 144 years  Clicker­ if you are in a dual­career marriage, do you plan to share housework/childcare equally o 90% said yes  National study­ housework o In all cases, female does more housework than male  Functionalist o Current relationship between males and females has helped us and will continue to help us o Use sociobiological research to support  Conflict o Males have power and want to keep it­ inequality  Feminist o All conflict oriented o Demand for equality o Support for feminism tends to be stronger on the coasts, and less so in the Midwest and south  Clicker – what percent of college population is male o 43%  Parity between sexes o Extending the current trend, gender parity in top management positions will take another 70 years o However, congressional parity would take 500 years Recent study – currently, some female CEO’s make more than male CEO’s