(Ill) A certain atom emits light of frequency / 0 when at
Chapter , Problem 68(choose chapter or problem)
(Ill) A certain atom emits light of frequency / 0 when at rest.A monatomic gas composed of these atoms is at temperatureT. Some of the gas atoms move toward and others awayfrom an observer due to their random thermal motion.Using the rms speed of thermal motion, show that thefractional difference between the Doppler-shifted frequenciesfor atoms moving directly toward the observer and directlyaway from the observer is Af / f 0 ~ 2\Z?>kT/rac2; assumeme2 3kT. Evaluate Af / f 0 for a gas of hydrogen atomsat 550 K. [This Doppler-broadening effect is commonlyused to measure gas temperature, such as in astronomy.]
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