Solved: Refer to Multiple-Concept Example 4 for a review

Chapter 16, Problem 16.103

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Refer to Multiple-Concept Example 4 for a review of the concepts that play roles in this problem. Civil engineers use a transit theodolite when surveying. One version of this device determines distance by measuring the time required for an ultrasonic pulse to reach a target, reflect from it, and return. When calibrated properly, the device uses the speed of sound appropriate for the ambient air temperature to determine the distance between the theodolite and the target. Suppose a theodolite is calibrated so that it gives the correct value for a distance when used at a temperature of 291 K. When used at a temperature of 298 K, however, the device gives an incorrect value for the same distance. What percentage error would there be in the incorrect value measured by the theodolite? Is the incorrect value smaller than or greater than the correct value? Assume that air behaves as an ideal gas, so that Equation 16.5 applies.