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In an acid-base titration, a base or acid is gradually
Chapter 2, Problem 63E(choose chapter or problem)
In an acid-base titration, a base or acid is gradually added to the other until they have completely neutralized each other. Because acids and bases are usually colorless (as are the water and salt produced in the neutralization reaction), pH is measured to monitor the reaction. Suppose that the equivalence point is reached after approximately 100 mL of an NaOH solution has been added (enough to react with all the acetic acid present) but that replicates are equally likely to indicate from 95 to 104 mL to the nearest mL. Assume that volumes are measured to the nearest mL and describe the sample space.
(a) What is the probability that equivalence is indicated at 100 mL?
(b) What is the probability that equivalence is indicated at less than 100 mL?
(c) What is the probability that equivalence is indicated between 98 and 102 mL (inclusive)?
Questions & Answers
QUESTION: Problem 64E
In an acid-base titration, a base or acid is gradually added to the other until they have completely neutralized each other. Because acids and bases are usually colorless (as are the water and salt produced in the neutralization reaction), pH is measured to monitor the reaction. Suppose that the equivalence point is reached after approximately 100 mL of an NaOH solution has been added (enough to react with all the acetic acid present) but that replicates are equally likely to indicate from 95 to 104 mL to the nearest mL. Assume that volumes are measured to the nearest mL and describe the sample space.
(a) What is the probability that equivalence is indicated at 100 mL?
(b) What is the probability that equivalence is indicated at less than 100 mL?
(c) What is the probability that equivalence is indicated between 98 and 102 mL (inclusive)?
ANSWER:
Solution:
Step 1 of 4:
Acids and bases are usually colorless, pH is measured to monitor the reaction.
Suppose that the equivalence point is reached after approximately 100 mL of a NaOH solution has been added but that replicates are equally likely to indicate from 95 to 104 mL to the nearest mL.
The sample space is S = {95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104}