Bismuth is used to calibrate instruments employed in high-pressure studies because it
Chapter 12, Problem 12.127(choose chapter or problem)
Bismuth is used to calibrate instruments employed in high-pressure studies because it has several well-characterized crystalline phases. Its phase diagram (right) shows the liquid phase and five solid phases that are stable above 1 katm (1000 atm) and up to 3008C. (a) Which solid phases are stable at 258C? (b) Which phase is stable at 50 katm and 1758C? (c) As the pressure is reduced from 100 to 1 katm at 2008C, what phase transitions does bismuth undergo? (d) What phases are present at each of the triple points? Pressure (katm)100501Temperature (C)0 100 200 300VIII IVII Liquid
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