Applied Statistics and Probability for Engineers 3rd Edition - Solutions by Chapter

A fractional factorial experiment with k factors tested in a 2 ? p fraction with all factors tested at only two levels (settings) each

In hypothesis testing, an error incurred by rejecting a null hypothesis when it is actually true (also called a type I error).

A method of decomposing the total variability in a set of observations, as measured by the sum of the squares of these observations from their average, into component sums of squares that are associated with speciic deined sources of variation

Unbiased estimator.

Data consisting of counts or observations that can be classiied into categories. The categories may be descriptive.

A chart used to organize the various potential causes of a problem. Also called a ishbone diagram.

A second-order response surface design in k variables consisting of a two-level factorial, 2k axial runs, and one or more center points. The two-level factorial portion of a CCD can be a fractional factorial design when k is large. The CCD is the most widely used design for itting a second-order model.

The portion of the variability in a set of observations that is due to only random forces and which cannot be traced to speciic sources, such as operators, materials, or equipment. Also called a common cause.

The mean of the conditional probability distribution of a random variable.

A continuous random variable with range of a inite interval and a constant probability density function.

See Control chart.

In regression, Cook’s distance is a measure of the inluence of each individual observation on the estimates of the regression model parameters. It expresses the distance that the vector of model parameter estimates with the ith observation removed lies from the vector of model parameter estimates based on all observations. Large values of Cook’s distance indicate that the observation is inluential.

An expression sometimes used for nonlinear regression models or polynomial regression models.

W. Edwards Deming (1900–1993) was a leader in the use of statistical quality control.

Another name for a probability density function

Any method of inference (hypothesis testing or conidence interval construction) that does not depend on the form of the underlying distribution of the observations. Sometimes called nonparametric method(s).

A subset of a sample space.

A series of tests in which changes are made to the system under study

In analysis of variance, a factor or effect is considered ixed if all the levels of interest for that factor are included in the experiment. Conclusions are then valid about this set of levels only, although when the factor is quantitative, it is customary to it a model to the data for interpolating between these levels.

A discrete random variable that is the number of Bernoulli trials until a success occurs.