Suppose the strain gages in the bridge in Fig. 5.21 have

The op amp in the circuit in Fig. P5.1 is ideal. a) Label the five op amp terminals with their names. b) What ideal op amp constraint determines the value of in? What is this value? c) What ideal op amp constraint determines the value of (vp - vn) ? What is this value? d) Calculate v Figure P5.1

a) Replace the 2 V source in the circuit in Fig. P5.1 and calculate for each of the following source values: 6 V, 3.5 V, 1.25 V, 2.4 V, 4.5 V, 5.4 V. b) Specify the range of voltage source values that will not cause the op amp to saturate. 5.3 Find (in milliamperes) in the circuit in Fi

Find iL (in milliamperes) in the circuit in Fig. P5.3.

The op amp in the circuit in Fig. P5.4 is ideal. a) Calculate v if v = 1.5V and vb = 0V b) Calculate v if v = -0.5 V and vb c) Calculate v if v = 1V and vb = 2.5 v d) Calculate v if v 25V and vb = 1V. e) Calculate v if v = 2.5V and vb = v0 f) If vb = 2V , specify the range of v such that the amplifier does not saturate.

Find i in the circuit in Fig. P5.5 if the op amp is ideal. Figure P5.5

The op amp in the circuit in Fig. P5.6 is ideal. Calculate the following: a) i b) v c) v d) i Figure P5.6

7 A voltmeter with a full-scale reading of 10 V is used to measure the output voltage in the circuit in Fig. P5.7. What is the reading of the voltmeter? Assume the op amp is ideal. Figure P5.7

a) Design an inverting amplifier with a gain of 4. Use an ideal op amp, a 30 k resistor in the feedback path, and 12 V power supplies. b) Using your design from part (a), determine the range of input voltages that will keep the op amp in its linear operating region. c) Suppose you wish to amplify a 2 V signal, using your design from part (a) with a variable feedback resistor. What is the largest value of feedback resistance that keeps the op amp in its linear operation region? Using this resistor value, what is the new gain of the inverting amplifier?

a) Design an inverting amplifier using an ideal op amp that has a gain of 2.5. Use a set of identical resistors from Appendix H. b) If you wish to amplify signals between - 2 V and +3 V using the circuit you designed in part (a), what are the smallest power supply voltages you can use?

a) The op amp in the circuit shown in Fig. P5.10 is ideal. The adjustable resistor R has a maximum value of 100 k and a is restricted to the range of 0.2 a Calculate the range of v if vg b) If is not restricted, at what value of will the op amp saturate?

The op amp in the circuit in Fig. P5.11 is ideal. a) Find the range of values for in which the op amp does not saturate. b) Find i (in microamperes) when = 0.272 Figure P5.11

The op amp in Fig. P5.12 is ideal. a) What circuit configuration is shown in this figure? b) Find v if v = 1 V , vb = 1.5 V and vc = -4 V c) The voltages v and vc remain at 1 V and V, respectively. What are the limits on vb if the op amp operates within its linear region?

Refer to the circuit in Fig. 5.12, where the op amp is assumed to be ideal. Given that R = 4 k, Rb = 5 k, Rc = 20 k, v = 200 mV, vb = 150 mV, vc = 400 mV,and vcc 6V specify the range of Rf for which the op amp operates within its linear region.

a) The op amp in Fig. P5.14 is ideal. Find v if v = 3V, vb = 9V, vc = 5V and vd = 6V b) Assume v, and vb retain their values as given in (a). Specify the range of such that the op amp operates within its linear region.

The feedback resistor in the circuit in Fig. P5.14 is replaced by a variable resistor Rf The voltages v and vd have the same values as given in Problem 5.14(a). a) What value of will cause the op amp to saturate? Note that 0 Rf . b) When Rf has the value found in (a), what is the current (in microamperes) into the output terminal of the op amp?

a) Design an inverting-summing amplifier using a 120 k resistor in the feedback path so that v = -(8va + 5vb + 12 vc) Use 15 V power supplies.b) Suppose va and 2 V and vc = -1 V. What range of values for vb will keep the op amp in its linear operating region?

Design an inverting-summing amplifier so that vo = -(8va + 4vb + 10vc + 6vd) Start by choosing a feedback resistor ( ) from Appendix H. Then choose single resistors from Appendix H or construct resistor neworks from resistors in Appendix H to satisfy the design values for Ra, Rb, Rc, and Rd. Draw your final circuit diagram.

The op amp in the circuit of Fig. P5.18 is ideal. a) What op amp circuit configuration is this? b) Calculate v.

The op amp in the circuit of Fig. P5.19 is ideal. a) What op amp circuit configuration is this? b) Find v and in terms of vs c) Find the range of values for vs such that v does not saturate and the op amp remains in its linear region of operation.

The op amp in the circuit shown in Fig. P5.20 is ideal, a) Calculate v when vg equals 4 V. b) Specify the range of values vg of so that the op amp operates in a linear mode.Assume that vg equals 2 V and that the 63 k resistor is replaced with a variable resistor.What value of the variable resistor will cause the op amp to saturate?

a) Design a non-inverting amplifier (see Fig. 5.13) with a gain of 6, using a 75 k resistor in the feedback path. Draw your final circuit diagram. b) Suppose you wish to amplify input signals in the range -2.5 V vg 1.5V. What are the minimum values of the power supplies that will keep the op amp in its linear operating region?

a) Design a non-inverting amplifier (see Fig. 5.13) with a gain of 2.5. Use resistors from Appendix H. You might need to combine resistors in series and in parallel to get the desired resistance. Draw your final circuit. b) If you use 16 V power supplies for the op amp, what range of input values will allow the op amp to stay in its linear operating region?

The op amp in the circuit of Fig. P5.23 is ideal. a) What op amp circuit configuration is this? b) Find v in terms vs of c) Find the range of values for vs such that v does not saturate and the op amp remains in its linear region of operation.

The circuit in Fig. P5.24 is a noninverting summing amplifier. Assume the op amp is ideal. Design the circuit so that vo = va + 2vb + 3vc .a) Specify the numerical values of Ra and Rc b) Calculate ia, ib and ic (in microamperes) when va = 0.7 V, vb = 0.4V, nad vc = 1.1V.

a) Use the principle of superposition to derive Eq. 5.22. b) Derive Eqs. 5.23 and 5.24.

The op amp in the circuit of Fig. P5.26 is ideal. a) What op amp circuit configuration is this? b) Find an expression for the output voltage in terms of the input voltage v . c) Suppose v = 2 V. What value of Rf will cause the op amp to saturate?

The resistors in the difference amplifier shown in Fig. 5.15 are R = 24 k, Rb = 75 k, Rc = 130 k and Rd = 120 k. The signal voltages v and vb are 8 and 5 V, respectively, and Vcc = 20V a) Find b) What is the resistance seen by the signal source ? c) What is the resistance seen by the signal source vb ?

The resistor Rf in the circuit in Fig. P5.28 is adjusted until the ideal op amp saturates. Specify Rf in kilohms.

Design a difference amplifier (Fig. 5.15) to meet the following criteria: vo = 3vb - 4va. The resistance seen by the signal source vb is 470 k and the resistance seen by the signal source va is 22 k when the output voltage v is zero. Specify the values of and using single resistors or combinations of resistors from Appendix H.

The op amp in the adder-subtracter circuit shown in Fig. P5.30 is ideal. a) Find v when va = 1 V, vb = 2 V, vc = 3V and vd = 4V b) If va, vb and vd are held constant, what values of vc will not saturate the op amp?

Select the values of and in the circuit in Fig. P5.31 so that vo = 8000(ib - ia). Use single resistors or combinations of resistors from Appendix H. The op amp is ideal.

The op amp in the circuit of Fig. P5.32 is ideal. a) Plot v versus a when Rf = 4R and vg. = 2V. Use increments of 0.1 and note by hypothesis that 0 a 1.0. b) Write an equation for the straight line you plotted in (a). How are the slope and intercept of the line related to vg and the ratio of Rf/R? c) Using the results from (b), choose values for vg and the ratio Rf/R such that v = 6a + 4.

In the difference amplifier shown in Fig. P5.33, compute (a) the differential mode gain, (b) the common mode gain, and (c) the CMRR.

In the difference amplifier shown in Fig. P5.34, what range of values of yields a CMRR 1500?

The voltage vg shown in Fig. P5.35(a) is applied to the inverting amplifier shown in Fig. P5.35(b). Sketch v versus t, assuming the op amp is ideal.

The signal voltage in the circuit shown in Fig. P5.36 is described by the following equations: Sketch versus v t, assuming the op amp is ideal

a) Show that when the ideal op amp in Fig. P5.37 is operating in its linear region, ia = 3vg R .

Assume that the ideal op amp in the circuit seen in Fig. P5.38 is operating in its linear region. a) Show that vo = [(R1 + R2)>R1]vs b) What happens if R and R2 0? c) Explain why this circuit is referred to as a voltage follower when and R= and R2 = 0.

The two op amps in the circuit in Fig. P5.39 are ideal. Calculate v and v

Assume that the ideal op amp in the circuit in Fig. P5.40 is operating in its linear region. a) Calculate the power delivered to the 16 k resistor. b) Repeat (a) with the op amp removed from the circuit, that is, with the 16 k resistor connected in the series with the voltage source and the 48 k resistor. c) Find the ratio of the power found in (a) to that found in (b). d) Does the insertion of the op amp between the source and the load serve a useful purpose? Explain. Figure P5.4048 kSo

The op amps in the circuit in Fig. P5.41 are ideal. a) ia Find b) Find the value of the left source voltage for which ia = 0.

The circuit inside the shaded area in Fig.P5.42 is a constant current source for a limited range of values of a) Find the value of iL for RL = 4 k b) Find the maximum value for RL for which iL will have the value in (a). c) Assume that RL = 16 k Explain the operation of the circuit. You can assume that in = ip 0under all operating conditions.d) Sketch iL versus RL for 0 RL 16 k.

Derive Eq. 5.60.

Repeat Assessment Problem 5.6, given that the inverting amplifier is loaded with a 500 resistor

a) Find the Thvenin equivalent circuit with respect to the output terminals a, b for the inverting amplifier of Fig. P5.45. The dc signal source has a value of 880 mV. The op amp has an input resistance of 500 k an output resistance 2 k of and an open-loop gain of 100,000. b) What is the output resistance of the inverting amplifier?c) What is the resistance (in ohms) seen by the signal source when the load at the terminals a, b is 330 k?

Repeat Problem 5.45 assuming an ideal op amp

Assume the input resistance of the op amp in Fig. P5.47 is infinite and its output resistance is zero. a) Find v as a function of vg and the open-loop gain A. b) What is the value of vg if v = 1V A = 150 ? c) What is the value of vg if v = 1V A = ? d) How large does A have to be so that v is 99% of its value in (c)?

The op amp in the noninverting amplifier circuit of Fig. P5.48 has an input resistance of 560 k an output resistance of 5 k and an open-loop gain of 50,000. Assume that the op amp is operating in its linear region. a) Calculate the voltage gain (v/vg). b) Find the inverting and noninverting input voltages vn and vp (in millivolts) if vg = 1V c) Calculate the difference (vp - vn ) in microvolts when vg = 1V d) Find the current drain in picoamperes on the signal source vg when vg = 1V e) Repeat (a)(d) assuming an ideal op amp.

Suppose the strain gages in the bridge in Fig. 5.21 have the value 120 1%. The power supplies to the op amp are 15 V and the reference voltage, vref, is taken from the positive power supply. a) Calculate the value of Rf so that when the strain gage that is lengthening reaches its maximum length, the output voltage is 5 V. b) Suppose that we can accurately measure 50 mV changes in the output voltage. What change in strain gage resistance can be detected in milliohms?

a) For the circuit shown in Fig. P5.50, show that if the output voltage of the op amp is approximately vo L Rf R2 (R + Rf) (R + 2Rf) (- R)vin. b) Find if R = 470 k, R = 10 k, R = 95 and c) Find the actual value of in (b)

a) If percent error is defined as % error = B approximate value true value - 1R * 100, show that the percent error in the approximation of in Problem 5.50 is% error = R R (R + Rf) (R + 2Rf) * 100.b) Calculate the percent error in for Problem 5.50.

2 Assume the percent error in the approximation of v in the circuit in Fig. P5.50 is not to exceed 1%. What is the largest percent change in R that can be tolerated?

Assume the resistor in the variable branch of the bridge circuit in Fig. P5.50 is R - R instead of R + R a) What is the expression for v if R << R ? b) What is the expression for the percent error in v as a function of R, Rf , and R ? c) Assume the resistance in the variable arm of the bridge circuit in Fig. P5.50 is 9810 and the values of R, Rf, and Vin are the same as in Problem 5.50(b). What is the approximate value of Vo ? d) What is the percent error in the approximation of v when the variable arm resistance is 9810 ?