Assume you have a gram-negative bacterium that produces

How many membranes make up the nuclear envelope of a eukaryotic cell?

What features do chloroplasts, mitochondria, and bacteria have in common?

What evidence is used to determine the phylogeny of prokaryotes?

What is the biological denition of family?

Assume you isolated a gram-negative rod that is oxidase-positive, is indole-negative, and does not produce urease or acetoin. What is the bacterium?

What diseases are suspected if the acid-fast bacilli box is checked?

Assume you have a gram-negative bacterium that produces acid from lactose and cannot use citric acid as its sole carbon source. What is the bacterium?

How can one species have two dierent ID values?

Agglutination results when the bacteria are mixed with

What are the similarities between the slide agglutination test and the ELISA test?

Name two diseases that may be diagnosed by Western blotting

What is being identied in phage typing?

What is an RFLP?

What is the principle involved in DNA probes?

Why do the DNA probe and cellular DNA hybridize?

What is on the chip to make it specic for a particular micro-organism?

What is stained using the FISH technique?

Why do L. brevis and L. acidophilus branch from the same node?

Which of the following is false about scientic nomenclature?a. Each name is specic.b. Names vary with geographical location.c. e names are standardized.d. Each name consists of a genus and specic epithet.e. It was rst designed by Linnaeus.

You could identify an unknown bacterium by all of the following excepta. hybridizing a DNA probe from a known bacterium with the unknowns DNA.b. making a fatty acid prole of the unknown.c. specic antiserum agglutinating the unknown.d. ribosomal RNA sequencing.e. percentage of guanine ! cytosine.

e wall-less mycoplasmas are considered to be related to gram-positive bacteria. Which of the following would provide the most compelling evidence for this?a. ey share common rRNA sequences.b. Some gram-positive bacteria and some mycoplasmas produce catalase.c. Both groups are prokaryotic.d. Some gram-positive bacteria and some mycoplasmas have coccus-shaped cells.e. Both groups contain human pathogens

Into which group would you place a multicellular organism that has a mouth and lives inside the human liver? Use the following choices to answer questions 7 and 8.a. Animaliab. Fungic. Plantaed. Firmicutes (gram-positive bacteria)e. Proteobacteria (gram-negative bacteria)

Into which group would you place a photosynthetic organism that lacks a nucleus and has a thin peptidoglycan wall surrounded by an outer membrane? Use the following choices to answer questions 7 and 8.a. Animaliab. Fungic. Plantaed. Firmicutes (gram-positive bacteria)e. Proteobacteria (gram-negative bacteria)

Which is (are) found in all three domains?a. 2, 6b. 5c. 2, 4, 6d. 1, 3, 5 e. all six Use the following choices to answer questions 9 and 10.1. 9 ! 2 agella2. 70S ribosome3. mbria4. nucleus5. peptidoglycan6. plasma membrane

Which is (are) found only in prokaryotes?a. 1, 4, 6b. 3, 5c. 1, 2d. 4e. 2, 4, 5 Use the following choices to answer questions 9 and 10.1. 9 ! 2 agella2. 70S ribosome3. mbria4. nucleus5. peptidoglycan6. plasma membrane

A 55-year-old veterinarian was admitted to a hospital with a 2-day history of fever, chest pain, and cough. Gram-positive cocci were detected in his sputum, and he was treated for lobar pneumonia with penicillin. e next day, another Gram stain of his sputum revealed gram-negative rods, and he was switched to ampicillin and gentamicin. A sputum culture showed biochemically inactive gram-negative rods identied as Pantoea (Enterobacter) agglomerans. A_er uorescent-antibody staining and phage typing, Yersinia pestis was identied in the patients sputum and blood, and chloramphenicol and tetracycline were administered. e patient died 3 days a_er admission to the hospital. Tetracycline was given to his 220 contacts (hospital personnel, family, and co-workers). What disease did the patient have? Discuss what went wrong in the diagnosis and how his death might have been prevented. Why were the 220 other people treated? (Hint: Refer to Chapter 23.)

A 6-year-old girl was admitted to a hospital with endocarditis. Blood cultures showed a gram-positive, aerobic rod identified by the hospital laboratory as Corynebacterium xerosis. Te girl died afer 6 weeks of treatment with intravenous penicillin and chloramphenicol. Te bacterium was tested by another laboratory and identified as C. diphtheriae. Te following test results were obtained by each laboratory

Using the following information, create a dichotomous key for distinguishing these unicellular organisms. Which cause human disease?