Solved: As of 2011, elements 113 through 118 have all been

Chapter 19, Problem 81P

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As of 2011, elements 113 through 118 have all been synthesized. Element 113 (Uut) was formed by the alpha decay of element 115 (Uup); element 114 (Uuq) was created by bombarding \({ }^{244} \mathrm{Pu}\) with + \({ }^{48} \mathrm{Ca}\); element 115 (Uup) was created by bombarding \({ }^{243} \mathrm{Am}\) with \({ }^{48} \mathrm{Ca}\); element 116 (Uuh) was created by bombarding \({ }^{248} \mathrm{Cm}\) with \({ }^{48} \mathrm{Ca}\); element 117 (Uus) was created by bombarding \({ }^{249} \mathrm{Bk}\) with \({ }^{48} \mathrm{Ca}\); element 118 (Uuo) was created by bombarding \({ }^{249} \mathrm{Cf}\) with \({ }^{48} \mathrm{Ca}\). Write an equation for each synthesis. Predict the chemical properties of these elements. (Before transuranium elements are given proper names, they are temporarily assigned three-letter symbols all starting with U.)