Chemistry 11th Edition - Solutions by Chapter

The basic unit of an element that can enter into chemical combination. (2.2)

The study of the chemistry of living systems. (Chapter 24: Introduction)

The electrode at which reduction occurs. (18.2)

A naturally occurring solid containing hydrocarbons of high molecular weight, as well as compounds containing sulfur, oxygen, and nitrogen. (Section 5.8)

Mixtures containing particles larger than normal solutes but small enough to remain suspended in the dispersing medium. (Section 13.6)

A ratio relating the same quantity in two systems of units that is used to convert the units of measurement. (Section 1.6)

The amount of fissionable material necessary to maintain a nuclear chain reaction. (Section 21.7)

An !OH group

Electrically charged atom or group of atoms (polyatomic ion); ions can be positively or negatively charged, depending on whether electrons are lost (positive) or gained (negative) by the atoms. (Section 2.7)

Any molecule or ion that can form a new covalent bond by accepting a pair of electrons.

A system for naming organic compounds.

From the Greek meaning nucleus-loving. Any species that can donate a pair of electrons to form a new covalent bond; alternatively, a Lewis base

The conversion of a substance from one state of matter to another. The phase changes we consider are melting and freezing 1solid ? liquid2, sublimation and deposition, and vaporization and condensation 1liquid ? gas2. (Section 11.4)

Changes (such as a phase change) that occur with no change in chemical composition. (Section 1.3)

Replacing this hydrogen by deuterium gives a chiral center with an R confi guration

A conformational change in which one chair conformation is converted into the other.

The strain that arises when nonbonded atoms separated by four or more bonds are forced closer to each other than their atomic (contact) radii would allow. Steric strain is also called non-bonded interaction strain, or van der Waals strain.

A compound or region of a compound that is very bulky.

In radical reactions, a step in which two radicals are joined to give a compound with no unshared electrons.

A conformation of cyclohexane that is lower in energy than a boat conformation but higher in energy than a chair conformation.