Argon (M = 39.94) is used in a pressure thermometer. The

A gas pressure of 150,000 Pa (gage) is applied to one leg of a U-tube manometer, which contains a fluid with density of 2000 kg/m3. The other leg is open to atmosphere. What is the manometer reading?

A gas pressure difference is applied to the legs of a U-tube manometer filled with a liquid with S = 1.5. The manometer reading is 28.6 cm. Find the pressure difference in kPa.

A gas pressure difference is applied to the legs of a mercury-filled (S = 13.6) U-tube manometer. The manometer reading is 45.3 in. Find the pressure difference in psid.

Convert the pressure 5.1 psi into units of inches of mercury and feet of water.

Convert the pressure 65 kPa into units of millimeters of mercury and meters of water.

Determine the following conversion factors: (a) The factor to multiply mm of Hg to get Pa (SHg = 13.6). (b) The factor to multiply inches of H20 to get psi. (c) The factor to multiply Pa to get m of H20. 9

A vacuum pressure (below atmospheric) is applied to the column port of a well-type manometer. The well port is open to the atmosphere. The fluid is mercury (S = 13.6). If the reading R is 130 mm, what is the applied pressure relative to atmospheric pressure?

A vacuum pressure (below atmospheric) is applied to the column port of a well-type manometer. The well port is open to the atmosphere. The fluid is mercury (S = 13.6). If the reading R is 25.0 in, what is the applied pressure relative to atmospheric pressure?

A well-type inclined manometer has a gas pressure difference of 7.5 cm of water column applied to its ports (higher pressure to well). If the manometer is at an angle of 7.so and contains a fluid with a density of 0.8 g/cm3, what is the reading R?

A well-type inclined manometer has a gas pressure difference of 3 in. of water column applied to its ports (higher pressure to well). If the manometer is at an angle of 7 and contains a fluid with a density of 50 Ibmlft3, what is the reading R?

An inclined manometer is used to measure the differential gas pressure across an orifice. The angle is 30 and the fluid used in the manometer has a specific gravity of 0.8. Calculate the sensitivity (cm lengthlPa) and the resolution of the manometer (in Pa) if 0.5 mm (length) can be resolved with a naked eye.

In Problem 9.11, calculate the length of the tube for measuring a maximum pressure of 10 cm of water.

Determine the gas pressure exerted on the reservoir of an inclined manometer (Pl in Fig. 9.3) if it has a 15-degree angle, uses a fluid with specific gravity of 0.7, and reads 10.2 cm.

Determine the systematic error as a percentage of the reading if the actual angle of an inclined manometer is 15.5 degrees while it is considered 15.0 degrees.

The scale of a mercury barometer is made of aluminum, which has a linear coefficient of thermal expansion of 23 X 10-6 mlm-K. Mercury has a volume coefficient of expansion of 1.82 X 10-4 m3/m3_K. If the reading of 760 mm is correct at 20C, what will be the reading at 35C if no correction is made for temperature? Assume that the zero is properly adjusted.

The scale of a mercury barometer is made of aluminum, which has a linear coefficient of thermal expansion of 23 X 10-6 mlm-K. Mercury has a volume coefficient of expansion of 1.82 X 10-4 m3/m3_K. If the reading of 760 mm is correct at 20C, what will be the reading at 15C if no correction is made for temperature? Assume that the zero is properly adjusted.

An R-type thermocouple with a OC reference junction reads 2.5 mY. What is the temperature?

An R-type thermocouple with a 32F reference junction reads 3.7 mY. What is the temperature?

A type S thermocouple with an ice reference has an output of 4.005 mY. What is the temperature of the hot junction?

Consider the standard chromel-alumel thermocouple circuit shown in the Figure P9.20 (a) Find the voltage measured by the DVM. (b) If the DVM measures 17.51 mY, what would the temperature Tl be?

Prepare a table in 20C increments between OC and 200C for the output voltage of the thermocouple circuit as a function of T1. The reference junction is boiling water at 100C.

A type E thermocouple is placed in an oven and connected to a computer data-acquisition system. The junction box temperature is independently measured to be 30C. The thermocouple voltage is found to be 37.0 mY. What is the temperature of the oven?

A K-type thermocouple with an ice-reference junction showed a reading of 24 mV. After the experiment, it was found that the actual temperature of the reference junction is 5C instead of Oc. Calculate the actual value of the measured temperature.

A K-type thermocouple with an ice-reference junction showed a reading of 24 mV. After the experiment, it was found that the actual temperature of the reference junction is 5C instead of Oc. Calculate the actual value of the measured temperature.

A set of readings with a K-type thermocouple have been performed using a reference junction that has been assumed to be at Oc. After careful inspection, because the ice-water mixture did not really make a slush, the reference junction has been determined to be at 1C. Calculate the systematic error in this measurement. 9

A set of readings with a K-type thermocouple have been performed using a reference junction that has been assumed to be at Oc. After careful inspection, because the ice-water mixture did not really make a slush, the reference junction has been determined to be at 1C. Calculate the systematic error in this measurement.

An RTD is connected into a Wheatstone bridge of the type shown in Figure 9.21(b). The other bridge resistors have values of 100 O. The supply voltage is 3 V and the bridge output voltage is -0.5 V. (a) Evaluate the RTD resistance neglecting the effect of lead wires. (b) If the lead-wire resistance of lOis considered, what is the RTD resistance? (c) What is the error in resistance due to neglecting the lead-wire resistance? (d) If the RTD follows the curve of Table 9.3, what is the error in te

A platinum RTD with U.S. calibration has a resistance of 100 0 at Oc. What is the resistance at 375C?

A nominally 100-0 RTD (OC) following Table 9.3 is inserted into a bridge like Figure 9.21(b). R2 is adjusted to account for the initial lead resistances and give a zero-voltage output at Oc. The supply voltage is 2 V. What will be the voltage output at 390C if (a) the lead-wire resistance is neglected? (b) the lead-w

The RTD of Problem 9.29 is inserted into a three-wire bridge like Figure 9.21(b). The initiallead resistance is 2 0 and the supply voltage is 2 V. What will the voltage output be at a temperature of 60C? What will the output voltage be if the lead-wire resistance is assumed to be zero?9.31 Argon (M = 39.94) is

Argon (M = 39.94) is used in a pressure thermometer. The volume of the thermometer bulb is 0.1 L. The thermometer is filled with gas to 110 kPa (abs) at 20C. What is the sensitivity (variation of pressure with respect to temperature) of this temperature sensor? Explain your assumptions clearly.

Argon (M = 39.94) is used in a pressure thermometer. The volume of the thermometer bulb is 0.1 L. The thermometer is filled with gas to 110 kPa (abs) at 20C. What is the sensitivity (variation of pressure with respect to temperature) of this temperature sensor? Explain your assumptions clearly.

Argon (M = 39.94) is used in a pressure thermometer. The volume of the thermometer bulb is 0.1 L. The thermometer is filled with gas to 110 kPa (abs) at 20C. What is the sensitivity (variation of pressure with respect to temperature) of this temperature sensor? Explain your assumptions clearly.

Helium is used in a pressure thermometer. The volume of the thermometer bulb is 0.05 L. The thermometer is filled with gas to 110 kPa (abs) at 20C. Calculate the pressure of the gas if the temperature is raised to 120C. State your assumptions clearly.

Helium is used in a pressure thermometer. The volume of the thermometer bulb is 3 in3 The thermometer is filled with gas to 15 psi (abs) at 60F. Calculate the pressure of the gas if the temperature is raised to 250F. State your assumptions clearly.

Helium is used in a pressure thermometer. The volume of the thermometer bulb is 0.0.05 L. The bulb is made of stainless steel with a thermal expansion coefficient of 12 X 10--6 mlm-K. The thermometer is filled with gas to 100 kPa (abs) at 20C. Calculate the systematic error in temperature due to neglecting the expansion of the bulb caused by the temperature rise at 150C.

A thermocouple is used to measure the temperature of a hot gas in a duct. The thermocouple reads 800C and the duct wall has a temperature of 700C. If the thermocouple junction emissivity is 0.3 and the heat-transfer coefficient is 200 W/m2-C, estimate the measurement error due to radiation. 9

A thermocouple is used to measure the temperature of a hot gas in a duct. The thermocouple reads 1oo0F and the duct wall has a temperature of 900F. If the thermocouple junction emissivity is 0.75 and the heat-transfer coefficient is 150 Btuth-ff OF estimate the measurement error due to radiation.

Calculate the actual temperature of exhaust gas from a diesel engine if the measuring thermocouple reads 500C and the exhaust pipe is 350C. The emissivity of the thermocouple is 0.7 and the convective heat-transfer coefficient of the flow over the thermocouple is 200 W/m2-C.

Calculate the actual temperature of exhaust gas from a diesel engine if the measuring thermocouple reads 900F and the exhaust pipe is BOOF. The emissivity of the thermocouple is 0.75 and the convective heat-transfer coefficient of the flow over the thermocouple is 150 Btuth-ft2 OF.

In Problem 9.39 a shield is used to reduce the error. If the shield temperature is about 460C, calculate the error in the output temperature. The gas temperature remains the same.

A thermometer is used to measure the temperature of a gas flow through a pipe. The gas temperature is read at 500C and the duct temperature is measured to be 350C. The thermometer is cylindrical with a diameter of 1 mm and an intrusion length of 1 cm. It can be assumed that the conductivity of the thermometer material is the same as stainless steel, about 20 W/m-K. The emissivity of the thermometer tip is 02. The convective heat-transfer coefficient between the thermometer and the gas is estimated to be 100 W/m2-K. Estimate the error in reading the gas temperature. Calculate the actual gas temperature.

In Problem 9.39, the measured reading of the gas temperature and the reading of the wall temperature are considered very accurate, but the emissivity of the thermocouple is uncertain to 0.1 and the heat-transfer coefficient is uncertain to 15%. Estimate the temperature correction for radiation and the uncertainty in that correction.

Calculte the error in reading the temperature of a gas moving at 250 mls. The recovery factor IS 0.8 and the specific heat at constant pressure of the gas is 1.2 kJ/kg-K.

Calculate the air velocity that may cause 1 % recovery error in measuring static temperature of air flow at 25C. Take the recovery factor to be 0.75.

A sln psychrometer gives dry-bulb and wet-bulb readings of gooF. What is the relative hUffildlty?

For Problem 946 wh t ld b h 9 . . , a wou e t e mass of water in 1 kg of an air-vapor mixture?

A sling psychrometer has a dry-bulb d' f 300 t he relative humidity and th h 'd. rea g 0 C and a wet-bulb reading of tSc. Find ')

49 If a lin e UID1 Ity ratio. s g psychrometer gives a dry-bul b tem of 22C, w hat are the relative humidity and :: rh atur f 25<? and a wet-bulb temperature

An electrOnic t e umldlty ratio? t emperature detector gives d b perature of 55P fo r ambient air Wh t a ry- ulb te ;'Dperature of 75P and a wet-bUlb a Ir. . a are the relative humidity and humidity ratio of air?