Nitric acid, a major industrial and laboratory acid, is produced commercially by the

Chapter 4, Problem 4.136

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Nitric acid, a major industrial and laboratory acid, is produced commercially by the multistep Ostwald process, which begins with the oxidation of ammonia: Step 1. 4NH3(g) 1 5O2(g) - 4NO(g) 1 6H2O(l) Step 2. 2NO(g) 1 O2(g) - 2NO2(g) Step 3. 3NO2(g) 1 H2O(l) - 2HNO3(l) 1 NO(g) (a) What are the oxidizing and reducing agents in each step? (b) Assuming 100% yield in each step, what mass (in kg) of ammonia must be used to produce 3.03104 kg of HNO3?

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