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Chemistry: The Central Science | 13th Edition | ISBN: 9780321910417 | Authors: Theodore E. Brown; H. Eugene LeMay; Bruce E. Bursten; Catherine Murphy; Patrick Woodward; Matthew E. Stoltzfus
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The diagram shows four states of a system, each with

Chapter , Problem 5.6

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QUESTION:

The diagram shows four states of a system, each with different internal energy, E. (a) Which of the states of the system has the greatest internal energy? (b) In terms of the E values, write two expressions for the difference in internal energy between State A and State B. (c) Write an expression for the difference in energy between State C and State D. (d) Suppose there is another state of the system, State E, and its energy relative to State A is E = E1 + E4. Where would State E be on the diagram? [Section 5.2] State C State A State D State B Internal energy, E E2 E4 E3 E

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QUESTION:

The diagram shows four states of a system, each with different internal energy, E. (a) Which of the states of the system has the greatest internal energy? (b) In terms of the E values, write two expressions for the difference in internal energy between State A and State B. (c) Write an expression for the difference in energy between State C and State D. (d) Suppose there is another state of the system, State E, and its energy relative to State A is E = E1 + E4. Where would State E be on the diagram? [Section 5.2] State C State A State D State B Internal energy, E E2 E4 E3 E

ANSWER:

Problem 5.6

The diagram shows four states of a system, each with different internal energy, E. (a) Which of the states of the system has the greatest internal energy? (b) In terms of the E values, write two expressions for the difference in internal energy between State A and State B. (c) Write an expression for the difference in energy between State C and State D. (d) Suppose there is another state of the system, State E, and its energy relative to State A is E = E1 + E4. Where would State E be on the diagram? [Section 5.2] State C State A State D State B Internal energy, E E2 E4 E3 E.

                                                              Step by Step Solution

Step 1 of 4

(a)

Internal energy of a closed system is equal to the difference of the amount of heat absorbed or given to the system.

                                                       $$ \mathrm{ \Delta U = q - w} $$

                                                       $$ \mathrm{ \Delta U} $$ = Change in internal energy

                                                             q = Heat added to the system

                                                    w = Work done by the system

From the given diagram, state B has the highest energy gap in between state A.

Therefore, the state B of the system has the greatest internal energy.

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