Solved: How many chiral carbon atoms are in each of the

Chemistry Reading 1.1, 1.3-1.6 1.1 States of Matter:  All things physically real is matter  Matter: anything that has mass and occupies space  Chemistry: the study of the composition, structure, and properties of matter in an object  Matter exists in three phases or physical states: solid, liquid, or gas  Atomic theory: all forms of matter are composed of microscopic particles  Molecules: a collection of atoms chemically bonded together  Chemical bonds: a force that holds two atoms in a molecule of a compound together  Solid: free packed, vibrate a little  Liquid: randomly ordered, close  Gas: separated and vibrate  Matter can be transformed from one physical state to another as its temperature is raised or lowered  Sublimation: transformation of a solid directly into a vapor (gas)  Deposition: transformation of a vapor (gas) directly into a solid 1.3 Classes of Matter  The two principal classes of matter are pure substances and mixture  Pure substance: matter that cannot be separated into simpler matter by a physical process  Pure substances cannot be separated into simpler forms of matter by any physical process  Physical process: a transformation of a sample of matter, such as a change in its physical state, that does not alter the chemical identity of any substance in the example  Pure substances are two groups: elements an d compounds o Elements: a pure substance that cannot be s