Decide (as efficiently as possible) which of the following matrices are diagonalizable

Chapter 6, Problem 5

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QUESTION:

Decide (as efficiently as possible) which of the following matrices are diagonalizable. Give your reasoning.

\(\begin{array}{l} A=\left[\begin{array}{lll} 5 & 0 & 2 \\ 0 & 5 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 5 \end{array}\right], \quad B=\left[\begin{array}{lll} 5 & 0 & 2 \\ 0 & 5 & 0 \\ 2 & 0 & 5 \end{array}\right]\\ C=\left[\begin{array}{lll} 1 & 2 & 4 \\ 0 & 2 & 2 \\ 0 & 0 & 3 \end{array}\right], \quad D=\left[\begin{array}{lll} 1 & 2 & 4 \\ 0 & 2 & 2 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 \end{array}\right] \text {. } \end{array}\)

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QUESTION:

Decide (as efficiently as possible) which of the following matrices are diagonalizable. Give your reasoning.

\(\begin{array}{l} A=\left[\begin{array}{lll} 5 & 0 & 2 \\ 0 & 5 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 5 \end{array}\right], \quad B=\left[\begin{array}{lll} 5 & 0 & 2 \\ 0 & 5 & 0 \\ 2 & 0 & 5 \end{array}\right]\\ C=\left[\begin{array}{lll} 1 & 2 & 4 \\ 0 & 2 & 2 \\ 0 & 0 & 3 \end{array}\right], \quad D=\left[\begin{array}{lll} 1 & 2 & 4 \\ 0 & 2 & 2 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 \end{array}\right] \text {. } \end{array}\)

ANSWER:

Step 1 of 4

By the use of Spectral theorem, Let  be a symmetric  matrix. Then,

1.The eigenvalues of  are real.

2.There is an orthonormal basis  for  consisting of eigenvectors of .

That is, there is an orthogonal matrix  so that  is diagonal.

(a)

Matrix  is not diagonalised because matrix  is not a symmetric matrix.

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