Solutions for Chapter 12.14: Substituent Effects in Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Halogens
Full solutions for Organic Chemistry, | 9th Edition
ISBN: 9780073402741
Solutions for Chapter 12.14: Substituent Effects in Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Halogens
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Solutions for Chapter 12.14
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Organic Chemistry, was written by Patricia and is associated to the ISBN: 9780073402741. This expansive textbook survival guide covers the following chapters and their solutions. Chapter 12.14: Substituent Effects in Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Halogens includes 1 full step-by-step solutions. This textbook survival guide was created for the textbook: Organic Chemistry, , edition: 9. Since 1 problems in chapter 12.14: Substituent Effects in Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Halogens have been answered, more than 7342 students have viewed full step-by-step solutions from this chapter.
Key Chemistry Terms and definitions covered in this textbook
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Alkyl group
A group derived by removing a hydrogen from an alkane; given the symbol R!
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amalgam.
An alloy of mercury with another metal or metals. (21.2)
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Antibonding molecular orbital
A molecular orbital in which electrons have a higher energy than they would in isolated atomic orbitals
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basic oxide (basic anhydride)
An oxide that either reacts with water to form a base or reacts with an acid to form a salt and water. (Section 22.5)
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Benzyl group (C6H5CH2!)
The group derived from toluene by removing a hydrogen from its methyl group.
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bimolecular reaction.
An elementary step that involves two molecules. (13.5)
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blocking group
A group that can be readily installed and uninstalled. Used for regiochemical control during synthesis.
-
branched polymer
A polymer that contains a large number of branches connected to the main chain of the polymer.
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calcination
The heating of an ore to bring about its decomposition and the elimination of a volatile product. For example, a carbonate ore might be calcined to drive off CO2. (Section 23.2)
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Decarboxylation
Loss of CO2 from a carboxyl group.
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doublet
In NMR spectroscopy, a signal that is comprised of two peaks.
-
Endothermic reaction
A reaction in which the enthalpy of the products is higher than the enthalpy of the reactants; a reaction in which heat is absorbed
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HOMO
The highest occupied molecular orbital.
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Infrared (IR) spectroscopy
A spectroscopic technique in which a compound is irradiated with infrared radiation, absorption of which causes covalent bonds to change from a lower vibration state to a higher one. Infrared spectroscopy is particularly valuable for determining the kinds of functional groups present in a molecule.
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isotactic
A polymer in which the repeating units contain chirality centers which all have the same configuration.
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Nitrile
A compound containing a !C#N (cyano) group bonded to a carbon atom.
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optical isomerism
A form of isomerism in which the two forms of a compound (stereoisomers) are nonsuperimposable mirror images. (Section 23.4)
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physiological pH
The pH of blood (approximately 7.3).
-
Raman spectroscopy
A vibrational molecular spectroscopy that is complementary to infrared (IR) spectroscopy in that infrared inactive vibrations are seen in Raman spectroscopy.
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Soap
A sodium or potassium salt of a fatty acid
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