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Conceptual Physics | 11th Edition | ISBN: 9780321568090 | Authors: Paul G. Hewitt

Conceptual Physics 11th Edition solutions

Author: Paul G. Hewitt
Publisher: Addison-Wesley
ISBN: 9780321568090
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Chapter 22 Problems

Chapter: 22 Problem: 1E

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 1E At the atomic level, what is meant by saying something is electrically charged?

Chapter: 22 Problem: 1P

Conceptual Physics 11
Two point charges are separated by 6 cm. The attractive force between them is 20 N. Find the force between them when they are separated by 12 cm. (Why can you solve this problem without knowing the magnitudes of the charges?)

Chapter: 22 Problem: 1R

Conceptual Physics 11
The three pairs of metal same-size spheres have different charges on their surfaces, as indicated. Each pair is brought together, allowed to touch, and then separated. Rank from greatest to least the total amount of charge on the pairs of spheres after separation.

Chapter: 22 Problem: 1RQ

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 1RQ What term is used for electricity at rest?

Chapter: 22 Problem: 2E

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 2E Why is charge usually transferred by electrons rather than by protons?

Chapter: 22 Problem: 2P

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 2P Suppose that the charges attracting each other in the preceding problem have equal magnitude. Rearrange Coulombs law and show that the magnitude of each charge is 2.8 10?6 C (2.8 microcoulombs).

Chapter: 22 Problem: 2RQ

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 2RQ Why does the gravitational force between Earth and Moon predominate over electrical forces?

Chapter: 22 Problem: 2R

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 2R Shown are three separate pairs of point charges. Assume the pairs interact only with each other. Rank the magnitudes of the force between the pairs from largest to smallest.

Chapter: 22 Problem: 3E

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 3E Why are objects with vast numbers of electrons normally not electrically charged?

Chapter: 22 Problem: 3P

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 3P Two pellets, each with a charge of 1 microcoulomb (10?6 C), are located 3 cm (0.03 m) apart. Show that the electric force between them is 10N. What would be the mass of an object that would experience this same force in Earths gravitational field?

Chapter: 22 Problem: 3RQ

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 3RQ What part of an atom is positively charged and what part is negatively charged?

Chapter: 22 Problem: 4E

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 4E Why do clothes often cling together after tumbling in a clothes dryer?

Chapter: 22 Problem: 4P

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 4P Electronic types neglect the force of gravity on electrons. To see why, compute the force of Earths gravity on an electron and compare it with the force exerted on the electron by an electric field of magnitude 10,000 V/m (a relatively small field). The mass and charge of an electron are

Chapter: 22 Problem: 4RQ

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 4RQ How does the charge of one electron compare to that of another electron? How does it compare with the charge of a proton?

Chapter: 22 Problem: 5E

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 5E Why will dust be attracted to a DVD wiped with a dry cloth?

Chapter: 22 Problem: 5P

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 5P Atomic physicists ignore the effect of gravity within an atom. To see why, calculate and compare the gravitational and electrical forces between an electron and a proton separated by 10?10 m. The charges and masses are given on the inside back cover.

Chapter: 22 Problem: 5RQ

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 5RQ What is normally the net charge of an atom?

Chapter: 22 Problem: 6E

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 6E When you remove your wool suit from the dry cleaners garment bag, the bag becomes positively charged. Explain how this occurs.

Chapter: 22 Problem: 6P

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 6P A droplet of ink in an industrial ink-jet printer carries a charge of 1.6 10?10 C and is deflected onto paper by a force of 3.2 10?4 N. Show that the strength of the electric field to produce this force is 2 million N/C.

Chapter: 22 Problem: 6RQ

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 6RQ What is a positive ion? A negative ion?

Chapter: 22 Problem: 7E

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 7E Plastic wrap becomes electrically charged when pulled from its box. As a result, it is attracted to objects such as food containers. Does the wrap stick better to plastic containers or to metal containers?

Chapter: 22 Problem: 7P

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 7P The potential difference between a storm cloud and the ground is 100 million V. If a charge of 2 C flashes in a bolt from cloud to Earth, what is the change of potential energy of the charge?

Chapter: 22 Problem: 7RQ

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 7RQ What is meant by saying charge is conserved?

Chapter: 22 Problem: 8E

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 8E When combing your hair, you scuff electrons from your hair onto the comb. Is your hair then positively or negatively charged? How about the comb?

Chapter: 22 Problem: 8P

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 8P An energy of 0.1 J is stored in the metal sphere on top of a Van de Graaff generator. A spark carrying 1 microcoulomb (10?6 C) discharges the sphere. Show that the spheres potential relative to ground is 1 00,000 V?

Chapter: 22 Problem: 8RQ

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 8RQ What is meant by saying charge is quantized?

Chapter: 22 Problem: 9E

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 9E At some automobile toll booths, a thin metal wire protrudes from the road, making contact with cars before they reach the toll collector. What is the purpose of this wire?

Chapter: 22 Problem: 9P

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 9P Find the voltage change when (a) an electric field does 12 J of work on a 0.0001-C charge; (b) the same electric field does 24 J of work on a 0.0002-C charge.

Chapter: 22 Problem: 9RQ

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 9RQ What particle has exactly one quantum unit of charge?

Chapter: 22 Problem: 10E

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 10E Why are the tires for trucks carrying gasoline and other flammable fluids manufactured to be electrically conducting?

Chapter: 22 Problem: 10P

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 10P In 1909, Robert Millikan was the first to find the charge of an electron in his now-famous oil-drop experiment. In that experiment tiny oil drops were sprayed into a uniform electric field between a horizontal pair of oppositely charged plates. The drops were observed with a magnifying

Chapter: 22 Problem: 10RQ

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 10RQ How does one coulomb of charge compare with the charge of a single electron?

Chapter: 22 Problem: 11E

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 11E An electroscope is a simple device consisting of a metal ball that is attached by a conductor to two thin leaves of metal foil protected from air disturbances in a jar, as shown. When the ball is touched by a charged body, the leaves that normally hang straight down spread apart. Why? (

Chapter: 22 Problem: 11RQ

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 11RQ How is Coulombs law similar to Newtons law of gravitation? How is it different?

Chapter: 22 Problem: 12E

Conceptual Physics 11
The leaves of a charged electroscope collapse in time. At higher altitudes, they collapse more rapidly. Why is this true? (Hint: The existence of cosmic rays was first indicated by this observation.)

Chapter: 22 Problem: 12RQ

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 12RQ Why are metals good conductors both of heat and of electricity?

Chapter: 22 Problem: 13E

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 13E Is it necessary for a charged body actually to touch the ball of the electroscope for the leaves to diverge? Defend your answer.

Chapter: 22 Problem: 13RQ

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 13RQ Why are materials such as glass and rubber good insulators?

Chapter: 22 Problem: 14E

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 14E Strictly speaking, when an object acquires a positive charge by the transfer of electrons, what happens to its mass? What happens to its mass when it acquires a negative charge? (Think small!)

Chapter: 22 Problem: 14RQ

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 14RQ How does a semiconductor differ from a conductor or an insulator?

Chapter: 22 Problem: 15E

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 15E Strictly speaking, will a penny be slightly more massive if it has a negative charge or a positive charge? Explain.

Chapter: 22 Problem: 15RQ

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 15RQ What is a transistor composed of, and what are some of its functions?

Chapter: 22 Problem: 16E

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 16E A crystal of salt consists of electrons and positive ions. How does the net charge of the electrons compare with the net charge of the ions? Explain.

Chapter: 22 Problem: 16RQ

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 16RQ How does the flow of current differ in a superconductor compared with the flow in ordinary conductors?

Chapter: 22 Problem: 17E

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 17E How can you charge an object negatively with only the help of a positively charged object?

Chapter: 22 Problem: 17RQ

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 17RQ What happens to electrons in any charging process?

Chapter: 22 Problem: 18E

Conceptual Physics 11
It is relatively easy to strip the outer electrons from a heavy atom like that of uranium (which then becomes a uranium ion), but it is very difficult to remove the inner electrons. Why do you suppose this is so?

Chapter: 22 Problem: 18RQ

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 18RQ Cite an example of something charged by friction.

Chapter: 22 Problem: 19E

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 19E When one material is rubbed against another, electrons jump readily from one to the other but protons do not. Why is this? (Think in atomic terms.)

Chapter: 22 Problem: 19RQ

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 19RQ Cite an example of something charged by contact.

Chapter: 22 Problem: 20E

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 20E If electrons were positive and protons were negative, would Coulombs law be written the same or differently?

Chapter: 22 Problem: 20RQ

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 20RQ Give an example of something charged by induction.

Chapter: 22 Problem: 21E

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 21E What does the inverse-square law tell you about the relationship between force and distance?

Chapter: 22 Problem: 21RQ

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 21RQ What is the primary purpose of a lightning rod?

Chapter: 22 Problem: 22E

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 22E The 5000 billion billion (5 1021) freely moving electrons in a penny repel one another. Why dont they fly out of the penny?

Chapter: 22 Problem: 22RQ

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 22RQ How does an electrically polarized object differ from an electrically charged object?

Chapter: 22 Problem: 23E

Conceptual Physics 11
How does the magnitude of electrical force between a pair of charged particles change when the particles are moved half as far apart? One-third as far apart?

Chapter: 22 Problem: 23RQ

Conceptual Physics 11
What is an electric dipole?

Chapter: 22 Problem: 24E

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 24E How does the magnitude of electric force compare between a pair of charged particles when they are brought to half their original distance of separation? To one-quarter their original distance? To 4 times their original distance? (What law guides your answers?)

Chapter: 22 Problem: 24RQ

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 24RQ How is the magnitude of an electric field defined? Its direction?

Chapter: 22 Problem: 25E

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 25E When you double the distance between a pair of charged particles, what happens to the force between them? Does it depend on the sign of the charges? What law defends your answer?

Chapter: 22 Problem: 25RQ

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 25RQ Why is there no electric field at the center of a charged spherical conductor?

Chapter: 22 Problem: 26E

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 26E When you double the charge on only one of a pair of particles, what effect does this have on the force between them? Does the effect depend on the sign of the charge?

Chapter: 22 Problem: 26RQ

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 26RQ When charges mutually repel and distribute themselves on the surface of conductors, what becomes of the electric field inside the conductor?

Chapter: 22 Problem: 27E

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 27E When you double the charge on both particles in a pair, what effect does this have on the force between them? Does it depend on the sign of the charge?

Chapter: 22 Problem: 27RQ

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 27RQ How much energy is given to each coulomb of charge that flows through a 1.5-V battery?

Chapter: 22 Problem: 28E

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 28E The proportionality constant k in Coulombs law is huge in ordinary units, whereas the proportionality constant G in Newtons law of gravitation is tiny. What does this indicate about the relative strengths of these two forces?

Chapter: 22 Problem: 28RQ

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 28RQ A balloon may easily be charged to several thousand volts. Does that mean it has several thousand joules of energy? Explain.

Chapter: 22 Problem: 29E

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 29E How do electrical field lines indicate the strength of an electric field?

Chapter: 22 Problem: 29RQ

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 29RQ Where is the energy stored in a capacitor?

Chapter: 22 Problem: 30E

Conceptual Physics 11
How is the direction of an electric field indicated with electrical field lines?

Chapter: 22 Problem: 30RQ

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 30RQ What is the magnitude of the electric field inside the dome of a charged van de Graaff generator?

Chapter: 22 Problem: 31E

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 31E Suppose that the strength of the electric field about an isolated point charge has a certain value at a distance of 1 m. How will the electric field strength compare at a distance of 2 m from the point charge? What law guides your answer?

Chapter: 22 Problem: 33E

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 33E Measurements show that there is an electric field surrounding Earth. Its magnitude is about 100 N/C at Earths surface, and it points inward toward Earths center. From this information, can you state whether Earth is negatively or positively charged?

Chapter: 22 Problem: 32E

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 32E In the phenomenon of superconductivity, what happens to electrical resistance at low temperatures?

Chapter: 22 Problem: 34E

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 34E Why are lightning rods normally at a higher elevation than the buildings they protect?

Chapter: 22 Problem: 35E

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 35E Why are metal-spiked shoes not a good idea for golfers on a stormy day?

Chapter: 22 Problem: 36E

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 36E If you are caught outdoors in a thunderstorm, why should you not stand under a tree? Can you think of a reason why you should not stand with your legs far apart? Or why lying down can be dangerous? (Hint: Consider electric potential difference.)

Chapter: 22 Problem: 37E

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 37E If a large enough electric field is applied, even an insulator will conduct an electric current, as is evident in lightning discharges through the air. Explain how this happens, taking into account the opposite charges in an atom and how ionization occurs.

Chapter: 22 Problem: 38E

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 38E If you rub an inflated balloon against your hair and place it against a door, by what mechanism does it stick? Explain.

Chapter: 22 Problem: 39E

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 39E When a car is moved into a painting chamber, a mist of paint is sprayed around its body. When the body is given a sudden electric charge and mist is attracted to it prestothe car is quickly and uniformly painted. What does the phenomenon of polarization have to do with this?

Chapter: 22 Problem: 40E

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 40E How can a charged atom (an ion) attract a neutral atom?

Chapter: 22 Problem: 41E

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 41E If you place a free electron and a free proton in the same electric field, how will the forces acting on them compare?

Chapter: 22 Problem: 42E

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 42E How will the accelerations of the proton and electron in the previous problem compare?

Chapter: 22 Problem: 43E

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 43E How will the directions of travel compare for the electron and proton in the previous problem?

Chapter: 22 Problem: 44E

Conceptual Physics 11
Two pieces of plastic, a full ring and a half ring, have the same radius and charge density. Which electric field at the center has the greater magnitude? Defend your answer.

Chapter: 22 Problem: 45E

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 45E Why is the magnitude of the electric field zero midway between identical point charges?

Chapter: 22 Problem: 46E

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 46E Imagine a proton at rest a certain distance from a negatively charged plate. It is released and collides with the plate. Then imagine the similar case of an electron at rest the same distance away from a positively charged plate. In which case will the moving particle have the greater s

Chapter: 22 Problem: 47E

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 47E A gravitational field vector points toward Earth; an electric field vector points toward an electron. Why do electric field vectors point away from protons?

Chapter: 22 Problem: 48E

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 48E By what specific means do the bits of fine threads align in the electric fields shown in Figure 22.19?

Chapter: 22 Problem: 49E

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 49E Suppose that a metal file cabinet is charged. How will the charge concentration at the corners of the cabinet compare with the charge concentration on the flat parts of the cabinet?

Chapter: 22 Problem: 50E

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 50E If you were to expend 10 J of work to push a 1-C charge against an electric field, what would be its change of voltage?

Chapter: 22 Problem: 51E

Conceptual Physics 11
When released, what will be the kinetic energy of the 1-C charge of the previous problem if it flies past its starting position?

Chapter: 22 Problem: 52E

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 52E You are not harmed by contact with a charged metal ball, even though its voltage may be very high. Is the reason similar to why you are not harmed by the greater-than-1000C sparks from a Fourth-of-July sparkler? Defend your answer in terms of the energies that are involved.

Chapter: 22 Problem: 53E

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 53E What is the voltage at the location of a 0.0001-C charge that has an electric potential energy of 0.5 J (both measured relative to the same reference point)?

Chapter: 22 Problem: 54E

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 54E Why is it safe to remain inside a car during a lightning storm?

Chapter: 22 Problem: 56E

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 56E In order to store more energy in a parallel-plate capacitor whose plates differ by a fixed voltage, what change would you make in the plates?

Chapter: 22 Problem: 55E

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 55E How do the charges on opposing plates of a capacitor compare?

Chapter: 22 Problem: 57E

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 57E Why is it dangerous to touch the terminals of a high-voltage capacitor even after the charging circuit is turned off?

Chapter: 22 Problem: 58E

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 58E An electron volt, eV, is a unit of energy. Which is larger, a GeV or a MeV?

Chapter: 22 Problem: 59E

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 59E Would you feel any electrical effects if you were inside the charged sphere of a Van de Graaff generator? Why or why not?

Chapter: 22 Problem: 60E

Conceptual Physics 11
Problem 60E A friend says that the reason ones hair stands out while touching a charged Van de Graaff generator is simply that the hair strands become charged and are light enough so that the repulsion between strands is visible. Do you agree or disagree?

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Physics

Electromagnetic vs.
Gravitational Forces: A Comparative

Conceptual Physics 11
Chapter 22, Problem 28E

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