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Answer: Heat Pump. A heat pump is a heat engine run in
Chapter 20, Problem 42P(choose chapter or problem)
Heat Pump. A heat pump is a heat engine run in reverse. In winter it pumps heat from the cold air outside into the warmer air inside the building, maintaining the building at a comfortable temperature. In sutuner it pumps heat from the cooler air inside the building to the warmer air outside, acting as an air conditioner. (a) If the outside temperature in winter is −5.0\(^\circ\)C and the inside temperature is 17.0\(^\circ\)C, how many joules of heat will the heat pump deliver to the inside for each joule of electrical energy used to run the unit, assuming an ideal Carnot cycle? (b) Suppose you have the option of using electrical resistance heating rather than a heat pump. How much electrical energy would you need in order to deliver the same amount of heat to the inside of the house as in part (a)? Consider a Carnot heat pump delivering heat to the inside of a house to maintain it at 68\(^\circ\)F. Show that the heat pump delivers less heat for each joule of electrical energy used to operate the unit as the outside temperature decreases. Notice that this behavior is opposite to the dependence of the efficiency of a Carnot heat engine on the difference in the reservoir temperatures. Explain why this is so.
Questions & Answers
QUESTION:
Heat Pump. A heat pump is a heat engine run in reverse. In winter it pumps heat from the cold air outside into the warmer air inside the building, maintaining the building at a comfortable temperature. In sutuner it pumps heat from the cooler air inside the building to the warmer air outside, acting as an air conditioner. (a) If the outside temperature in winter is −5.0\(^\circ\)C and the inside temperature is 17.0\(^\circ\)C, how many joules of heat will the heat pump deliver to the inside for each joule of electrical energy used to run the unit, assuming an ideal Carnot cycle? (b) Suppose you have the option of using electrical resistance heating rather than a heat pump. How much electrical energy would you need in order to deliver the same amount of heat to the inside of the house as in part (a)? Consider a Carnot heat pump delivering heat to the inside of a house to maintain it at 68\(^\circ\)F. Show that the heat pump delivers less heat for each joule of electrical energy used to operate the unit as the outside temperature decreases. Notice that this behavior is opposite to the dependence of the efficiency of a Carnot heat engine on the difference in the reservoir temperatures. Explain why this is so.
ANSWER:Solution 42P
Introduction
We will use the formula of coefficient of performance to calculate the energy supplied to the room for each jule of electrical energy used.
Then we will use the energy output of the resistor to compare which one will deliver more energy to the room.
And at last we have to show that if the energy outside decreases, the heat supplied to the room by the hat pump will decreases for same amount of supplied electrical energy.
Step 1
The coefficient of performance of a heat pump is given by
….. (1)
Here is the supplied electrical energy and
is the energy released by the pump to the room.
and
is the temperature of hot and cold air.
So we have
So we can write
So for each joule of electrical energy supplied to the pump, it will deliver 12.2 J of heat to the room.