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Understanding Boiling Points: Ethylene Glycol, Alcohols & Ethers Expla
Chapter 11, Problem 11.27(choose chapter or problem)
Ethylene glycol \(\left(\mathrm{HOCH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{OH}\right)\), the major substance in antifreeze, has a normal boiling point of \(198^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\). By comparison, ethyl alcohol \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{OH}\) boils at \(78^{0} \mathrm{C}\) at atmospheric pressure. Ethylene glycol dimethyl ether \(\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{OCH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{OCH}_{3}\right)\) has a normal boiling point of \({83^0}{\rm{C}}\), and ethyl methyl ether \(\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{OCH}_{3}\right)\) has a normal boiling point of \({11^0}{\rm{C}}\).
(a) Explain why the replacement of a hydrogen on the oxygen by a \({\rm{C}}{{\rm{H}}_3}\) group generally results in a lowering boiling point.
(b) What are the major factors responsible for the difference in boiling points of the two ethers?
Questions & Answers
QUESTION:
Ethylene glycol \(\left(\mathrm{HOCH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{OH}\right)\), the major substance in antifreeze, has a normal boiling point of \(198^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\). By comparison, ethyl alcohol \(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{OH}\) boils at \(78^{0} \mathrm{C}\) at atmospheric pressure. Ethylene glycol dimethyl ether \(\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{OCH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{OCH}_{3}\right)\) has a normal boiling point of \({83^0}{\rm{C}}\), and ethyl methyl ether \(\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{OCH}_{3}\right)\) has a normal boiling point of \({11^0}{\rm{C}}\).
(a) Explain why the replacement of a hydrogen on the oxygen by a \({\rm{C}}{{\rm{H}}_3}\) group generally results in a lowering boiling point.
(b) What are the major factors responsible for the difference in boiling points of the two ethers?
ANSWER:Step 1 of 6
The substances used for achieving depression in freezing point are antifreeze. These substances help to reduce the freezing point of substances when added.
An example of antifreeze is ethylene glycol.
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Understanding Boiling Points: Ethylene Glycol, Alcohols & Ethers Expla
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This video offers insights into the properties and boiling points of different alcohols and ethers, including antifreeze agents like ethylene glycol. We also discuss how molecular structures and interactions impact boiling points, shedding light on key differences among related compounds.