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Solved: An adult takes about 12 breaths per minute,
Chapter 5, Problem 5.36(choose chapter or problem)
An adult takes about 12 breaths per minute, inhaling roughly \(500\) mL of air with each breath. The molar compositions of the inspired and expired gases are as follows:
\(\begin{array}{lcc} \hline \text { Species } & \text { Inspired Gas (%) } & \text { Expired Gas (%) } \\ \hline \mathrm{O}_{2} & 20.6 & 15.1 \\ \mathrm{CO}_{2} & 0.0 & 3.7 \\ \mathrm{~N}_{2} & 77.4 & 75.0 \\ \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O} & 2.0 & 6.2 \\ \hline \end{array} \)
(a) Calculate the masses of \(\mathrm{O}_2,\mathrm{\ CO}_2\) and \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\) transferred from the pulmonary gases to the blood or vice versa (specify which) per minute.
(b) Calculate the volume of air exhaled per milliliter inhaled.
(c) At what rate (g/min) is this individual losing weight by merely breathing?
(d) The rate at which oxygen is transferred from the air in the lungs to the blood is roughly proportional to \(\left[\left(p_{\mathrm{O}_{2}}\right)_{\text {air }}-\left(p_{\mathrm{O}_{2}}\right)_{\text {blood }}\right]\) , where \(\left(p_{\mathrm{O}_{2}}\right)_{\text {blood }}\) is a quantity related to the concentration of oxygen in the blood. Compared to regions where atmospheric pressure is 14.7 psia, what effect does the atmospheric pressure in Denver, which is approximately 12.1 psi, have on the transport rate and breathing rate? How does the body adjust to address this condition?
Questions & Answers
QUESTION:
An adult takes about 12 breaths per minute, inhaling roughly \(500\) mL of air with each breath. The molar compositions of the inspired and expired gases are as follows:
\(\begin{array}{lcc} \hline \text { Species } & \text { Inspired Gas (%) } & \text { Expired Gas (%) } \\ \hline \mathrm{O}_{2} & 20.6 & 15.1 \\ \mathrm{CO}_{2} & 0.0 & 3.7 \\ \mathrm{~N}_{2} & 77.4 & 75.0 \\ \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O} & 2.0 & 6.2 \\ \hline \end{array} \)
(a) Calculate the masses of \(\mathrm{O}_2,\mathrm{\ CO}_2\) and \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\) transferred from the pulmonary gases to the blood or vice versa (specify which) per minute.
(b) Calculate the volume of air exhaled per milliliter inhaled.
(c) At what rate (g/min) is this individual losing weight by merely breathing?
(d) The rate at which oxygen is transferred from the air in the lungs to the blood is roughly proportional to \(\left[\left(p_{\mathrm{O}_{2}}\right)_{\text {air }}-\left(p_{\mathrm{O}_{2}}\right)_{\text {blood }}\right]\) , where \(\left(p_{\mathrm{O}_{2}}\right)_{\text {blood }}\) is a quantity related to the concentration of oxygen in the blood. Compared to regions where atmospheric pressure is 14.7 psia, what effect does the atmospheric pressure in Denver, which is approximately 12.1 psi, have on the transport rate and breathing rate? How does the body adjust to address this condition?
ANSWER:Step 1 of 10
Given data
\(\begin{array}{lcc}
\hline \text { Species } & \text { Inspired Gas (%) } & \text { Expired Gas (%) } \\
\hline \mathrm{O}_{2} & 20.6 & 15.1 \\
\mathrm{CO}_{2} & 0.0 & 3.7 \\
\mathrm{~N}_{2} & 77.4 & 75.0 \\
\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O} & 2.0 & 6.2 \\
\hline
\end{array}\)
We need to find the solution for each of the sub questions given in the problem
We know the ideal gas equation \(P V=n R T\)