Solution: Classifying Data by Type and Level In Exercise,

Problem 34EC Describe two examples of data sets for each of the four levels of measurement. Justify your answer

Problem 1E Name each level of measurement for which data can be qualitative.

Problem 1CSE Rating Points Each rating point represents 1,142,000 households, or 1% of the households in the United States with a television. Does a program with a rating of 8.4 have twice the number of households as a program with a rating of 4.2? Explain your reasoning.

Sampling Percent What percentage of the total number of U.S. households with a television is used in the Nielsen sample?

Problem 2E Name each level of measurement for which data can be quantitative.

Nominal Level of Measurement Identify any column(s) in the table with data at the nominal level.

Ordinal Level of Measurement Identify any column(s) in the table with data at the ordinal level. Describe two ways that the data can be ordered.

Problem 3E True or False? In Exercise, determine whether the statement is true or false. If it is false, rewrite it as a true statement. Data at the ordinal level are quantitative only.

Interval Level of Measurement Identify any column(s) in the table with data at the interval level. How can these data be ordered?

Problem 4E True or False? In Exercise, determine whether the statement is true or false. If it is false, rewrite it as a true statement. For data at the interval level, you cannot calculate meaningful differences between data entries.

Ratio Level of Measurement Identify any column(s) in the table with data at the ratio level.

Problem 5E True or False? In Exercise, determine whether the statement is true or false. If it is false, rewrite it as a true statement. More types of calculations can be performed with data at the nominal level than with data at the interval level.

Problem 6E True or False? In Exercise, determine whether the statement is true or false. If it is false, rewrite it as a true statement. Data at the ratio level cannot be put in order.

Rankings How are the programs ranked in the table? Why do you think it is done this way? Explain your reasoning.

Problem 7E Classifying Data by Type In Exercise, determine whether the data are qualitative or quantitative. Explain your reasoning. Heights of hot air balloons

Problem 8E Classifying Data by Type In Exercise, determine whether the data are qualitative or quantitative. Explain your reasoning. Carrying capacities of pickups

Problem 9E Classifying Data by Type In Exercise, determine whether the data are qualitative or quantitative. Explain your reasoning. Eye colors of models

Inferences What decisions (inferences) can be made on the basis of the Nielsen ratings?

Problem 10E Classifying Data by Type In Exercise, determine whether the data are qualitative or quantitative. Explain your reasoning. Student ID numbers

Problem 11E Classifying Data by Type In Exercise, determine whether the data are qualitative or quantitative. Explain your reasoning. Weights of infants at a hospital

Problem 12E Classifying Data by Type In Exercise, determine whether the data are qualitative or quantitative. Explain your reasoning. Species of trees in a forest

Problem 13E Classifying Data by Type In Exercise, determine whether the data are qualitative or quantitative. Explain your reasoning. Responses on an opinion poll

Problem 14E Classifying Data by Type In Exercise, determine whether the data are qualitative or quantitative. Explain your reasoning. Wait times at a grocery store

Problem 15E Classifying Data By Level In Exercise, determine the level of measurement of the data set. Explain your reasoning. Comedy Series The years that a television show on ABC won the Emmy for best comedy series are listed. (Source: Academy of Television Arts and Sciences) 1955 1979 1980 1981 1982 1988 2010 2011 2012

Problem 16E Classifying Data By Level In Exercise, determine the level of measurement of the data set. Explain your reasoning. Business Schools The top five business schools in the United States for a recent year according to Forbes are listed. (Source: Forbes) 1. Harvard 2. Stanford 3. Chicago (Booth) 4. Pennsylvania (Wharton) 5. Columbia

Problem 17E Classifying Data By Level In Exercise, determine the level of measurement of the data set. Explain your reasoning. Soccer The jersey numbers for players on a soccer team are listed. 5 9 78 11 14 4 15 10 31 19 23 21 18 27 7 6 1 13 3 37 20 22 17 16 2 88 8

Problem 19E Classifying Data By Level In Exercise, determine the level of measurement of the data set. Explain your reasoning. Best Sellers List The top five fiction books on The New York Times Best Sellers List on December 23, 2012 are listed. (Source: The New York Times) 1. Threat Vector 2. Gone Girl 3. The Forgotten 4. The Racketeer 5. Private London

Problem 18E Classifying Data By Level In Exercise, determine the level of measurement of the data set. Explain your reasoning. Songs The lengths (in seconds) of songs on an album are listed. 228 233 268 265 252 335 103 338 252 371 586 290 532 282

Problem 20E Classifying Data By Level In Exercise, determine the level of measurement of the data set. Explain your reasoning. Email The times of the day when a person checks email are listed. 7:28 A.M. 8:30 A.M. 8:43 A.M. 9:18 A.M. 10:25 A.M. 10:46 A.M. 11:27 A.M. 1:18 P.M. 1:26 P.M. 1:49 P.M. 2:05 P.M. 3:18 P.M. 4:28 P.M. 4:57 P.M. 7:17 P.M.

Graphical Analysis In Exercises 21–24, determine the level of measurement of the data listed on the horizontal and vertical axes in the figure. How Serious of a Problem is Global Warming? (Source: Pew Research Center)

Graphical Analysis In Exercises 21–24, determine the level of measurement of the data listed on the horizontal and vertical axes in the figure. Gender Prole of the 112th Congress (Source: Congressional Research Service)

Graphical Analysis In Exercises 21–24, determine the level of measurement of the data listed on the horizontal and vertical axes in the figure. How Many Vacations Are You Planning to Take This Summer? (Source: Harris Interactive)

Problem 25E The items below appear on an employment application. Determine the level of measurement of the data. (a) Temperature (b) Allergies (c) Weight (d) Pain level (scale of 0 to 10)

Graphical Analysis In Exercises 21–24, determine the level of measurement of the data listed on the horizontal and vertical axes in the figure. Motor Vehicle Fatalities by Year (Source: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration)

Problem 26E The items below appear on an employment application. Determine the level of measurement of the data. (a) Highest grade level completed (b) Gender (c) Year of college graduation (d) Number of years at last job

Problem 28E Classifying Data by Type and Level In Exercise, determine whether the data are qualitative or quantitative, and determine the level of measurement of the data set. Politics The three political parties in the 112th Congress are listed Republican Democrat Independent

Problem 27E In Exercise, determine whether the data are qualitative or quantitative, and determine the level of measurement of the data set. Football The top five teams in the final college football poll released in January 2013 are listed. (Source: Associated Press) 1. Alabama 2. Oregon 3. Ohio State 4. Notre Dame 5. Georgia/Texas A&M

Problem 29E Classifying Data by Type and Level In Exercise, determine whether the data are qualitative or quantitative, and determine the level of measurement of the data set. Top Salespeople The regions representing the top salespeople in a corporation for the past six years are listed. Southeast Northeast Southwest Northwest Southeast Southwest

Problem 30E Classifying Data by Type and Level In Exercise, determine whether the data are qualitative or quantitative, and determine the level of measurement of the data set. Diving The scores for the gold medal winning diver in the men's 10-meter platform event from the 2012 Summer Olympics are listed. (Source: International Olympic Committee) 97.20 86.40 99.90 90.75 91.80 102.60

Problem 31E Classifying Data by Type and Level In Exercise, determine whether the data are qualitative or quantitative, and determine the level of measurement of the data set. Music Albums The top five music albums for 2012 are listed. (Source: Billboard) 1. Adele “21” 2. Michael Buble “Christmas” 3. Drake “Take Care” 4. Taylor Swift “Red” 5. One Direction “Up All Night”

Problem 32E In Exercise, determine whether the data are qualitative or quantitative, and determine the level of measurement of the data set. Ticket Prices The average ticket prices for 10 Broadway shows in 2012 are listed. (Source: The Broadway League) $110 $88 $181 $97 $67 $133 $72 $103 $62 $79

Problem 33EC Writing What is an inherent zero? Describe three examples of data sets that have inherent zeros and three that do not.

Name each level of measurement for which data can be qualitative.

Name each level of measurement for which data can be quantitative.

True or False? In Exercises 36, determine whether the statement is true or false. If it is false, rewrite it as a true statement. Data at the ordinal level are quantitative only.

True or False? In Exercises 36, determine whether the statement is true or false. If it is false, rewrite it as a true statement. For data at the interval level, you cannot calculate meaningful differences between data entries.

True or False? In Exercises 36, determine whether the statement is true or false. If it is false, rewrite it as a true statement. More types of calculations can be performed with data at the nominal level than with data at the interval level.

True or False? In Exercises 36, determine whether the statement is true or false. If it is false, rewrite it as a true statement. Data at the ratio level cannot be put in order.

Classifying Data by Type In Exercises 714, determine whether the data are qualitative or quantitative. Explain your reasoning Heights of hot air balloons

Classifying Data by Type In Exercises 714, determine whether the data are qualitative or quantitative. Explain your reasoning Carrying capacities of pickups

Classifying Data by Type In Exercises 714, determine whether the data are qualitative or quantitative. Explain your reasoning Eye colors of models

Classifying Data by Type In Exercises 714, determine whether the data are qualitative or quantitative. Explain your reasoning Student ID numbers

Classifying Data by Type In Exercises 714, determine whether the data are qualitative or quantitative. Explain your reasoning Weights of infants at a hospital

Classifying Data by Type In Exercises 714, determine whether the data are qualitative or quantitative. Explain your reasoning Species of trees in a forest

Classifying Data by Type In Exercises 714, determine whether the data are qualitative or quantitative. Explain your reasoning Responses on an opinion pol

Classifying Data by Type In Exercises 714, determine whether the data are qualitative or quantitative. Explain your reasoning Wait times at a grocery store

Classifying Data By Level In Exercises 1520, determine the level of measurement of the data set. Explain your reasoning Comedy Series The years that a television show on ABC won the Emmy for best comedy series are listed. (Source: Academy of Television Arts and Sciences) 1955 1979 1980 1981 1982 1988 2010 2011 2012

"Classifying Data By Level In Exercises 1520, determine the level of measurement of the data set. Explain your reasoning" Business Schools The top five business schools in the United States for a recent year according to Forbes are listed. (Source: Forbes) 1. Harvard 2. Stanford 3. Chicago (Booth) 4. Pennsylvania (Wharton) 5. Columbia

Classifying Data By Level In Exercises 1520, determine the level of measurement of the data set. Explain your reasoning occer The jersey numbers for players on a soccer team are listed. 5 9 78 11 14 4 15 10 31 19 23 21 18 27 7 6 1 13 3 37 20 22 17 16 2 88 8

"Classifying Data By Level In Exercises 1520, determine the level of measurement of the data set. Explain your reasoning"Songs The lengths (in seconds) of songs on an album are listed. 228 233 268 265 252 335 103 338 252 371 586 290 532 282

Classifying Data By Level In Exercises 1520, determine the level of measurement of the data set. Explain your reasoning Best Sellers List The top five fiction books on The New York Times Best Sellers List on December 23, 2012 are listed. (Source: The New York Times) 1. Threat Vector 2. Gone Girl 3. The Forgotten 4. The Racketeer 5. Private London

"Classifying Data By Level In Exercises 1520, determine the level of measurement of the data set. Explain your reasoning"Email The times of the day when a person checks email are listed. 7:28 a.m. 8:30 a.m. 8:43 a.m. 9:18 a.m. 10:25 a.m. 10:46 a.m. 11:27 a.m. 1:18 p.m. 1:26 p.m. 1:49 p.m. 2:05 p.m. 3:18 p.m. 4:28 p.m. 4:57 p.m. 7:17 p.m

Graphical Analysis In Exercises 2124, determine the level of measurement of the data listed on the horizontal and vertical axes in the figure How Serious of a Problem is Global Warming?

Graphical Analysis In Exercises 2124, determine the level of measurement of the data listed on the horizontal and vertical axes in the figure How Many Vacations Are You Planning to Take This Summer?

Graphical Analysis In Exercises 2124, determine the level of measurement of the data listed on the horizontal and vertical axes in the figure Gender Prole of the 112th Congress

Graphical Analysis In Exercises 2124, determine the level of measurement of the data listed on the horizontal and vertical axes in the figure Motor Vehicle Fatalities by Year

The items below appear on a physicians intake form. Determine the level of measurement of the data. (a) Temperature (b) Allergies (c) Weight (d) Pain level (scale of 0 to 10)

The items below appear on an employment application. Determine the level of measurement of the data. (a) Highest grade level completed (b) Gender (c) Year of college graduation (d) Number of years at last job

Classifying Data by Type and Level In Exercises 2732, determine whether the data are qualitative or quantitative, and determine the level of measurement of the data set. Football The top five teams in the final college football poll released in January 2013 are listed. (Source: Associated Press) 1. Alabama 2. Oregon 3. Ohio State 4. Notre Dame 5. Georgia/Texas A&M

"Classifying Data by Type and Level In Exercises 2732, determine whether the data are qualitative or quantitative, and determine the level of measurement of the data set." Politics The three political parties in the 112th Congress are listed. Republican Democrat Independent

Classifying Data by Type and Level In Exercises 2732, determine whether the data are qualitative or quantitative, and determine the level of measurement of the data set.Top Salespeople The regions representing the top salespeople in a corporation for the past six years are listed. Southeast Northwest Northeast Southeast Southwest Southwest

"Classifying Data by Type and Level In Exercises 2732, determine whether the data are qualitative or quantitative, and determine the level of measurement of the data set."Diving The scores for the gold medal winning diver in the mens 10-meter platform event from the 2012 Summer Olympics are listed. (Source: International Olympic Committee) 97.20 86.40 99.90 90.75 91.80 102.60

Classifying Data by Type and Level In Exercises 2732, determine whether the data are qualitative or quantitative, and determine the level of measurement of the data set.Music Albums The top five music albums for 2012 are listed. (Source: Billboard) 1. Adele 21 2. Michael Bubl Christmas 3. Drake Take Care 4. Taylor Swift Red 5. One Direction Up All Night

"Classifying Data by Type and Level In Exercises 2732, determine whether the data are qualitative or quantitative, and determine the level of measurement of the data set."Ticket Prices The average ticket prices for 10 Broadway shows in 2012 are listed. (Source: The Broadway League) $110 $88 $181 $97 $67 $133 $72 $103 $62 $79

Writing What is an inherent zero? Describe three examples of data sets that have inherent zeros and three that do not.

Describe two examples of data sets for each of the four levels of measurement. Justify your answer.